法定代表人的制度困境与自治理念下的革新

The System Dilemma and the Innovation of Legal Representative Under Concept of Autonomy

在历史误读、“代表”定位偏差以及“法定性”桎梏下,法定代表人的必设性、唯一性与固定性等制度设计在实践中表现出日益明显的缺陷。这既可能导致公司利益受损,也与公司自治理念背离,应在公司自治理念下予以革新:一是去“必设性”,用代理制取代代表制,由公司决定公司代理人是否登记,实行公司代理人选择范围的自治;二是去“唯一性”,由公司决定代理人人数;三是去“固定性”,实行公司代理人的动态选任自治。

In the historical misreading,deviant representative positioning and legality shackles,the institutional design of its inevitability,uniqueness and fixity shows increasingly obvious defects in practice.This may not only lead to damage to the company’s interests,but also deviate from the concept of corporate autonomy.The legal representative system should be reformed under the concept of company autonomy:firstly,the representative system should be replaced with real agency system and company agent system should be established;secondly,independent mechanism for determining the scope of appointment should be established;thirdly,self-determination mechanism for the number of legal representative should be established;finally,dynamic adjustment mechanism for legal representative should be established.