一种环甲膜穿刺训练装置的研制

Development of thyrocricocentesis training device

目的:研制一种环甲膜穿刺训练装置,以提高平、战时紧急状况下环甲膜穿刺操作的成功率。方法:装置采用仿真模型模拟人体颈部外形,内部为放置电路板模块和电源模块的硬塑材质模型,中部为甲状软骨和环状软骨等表面标志明显的塑胶模型,外部为模拟皮肤的硅胶材质外罩。通过光电开关实现对环甲膜穿刺的模拟训练和对训练效果的自动判定,结果自动上传并记录、整理、排序。各选取50名无医学相关经验的战士,分别使用环甲膜穿刺训练装置和传统人体解剖挂图进行环甲膜穿刺训练,并选择同一人体进行环甲膜表面皮肤定位。结果:使用环甲膜穿刺训练装置进行训练在定位准确率和定位所需时间上均优于传统人体解剖挂图,二者之间定位时间比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),定位准确率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:该装置外形小、易携带、操作简便,方便进行环甲膜穿刺训练及对训练效果进行综合评定,适合基层单位非医学背景的人员使用。

Objective To develop a thyrocricocentesis training device to enhance the success rate of emergency thyrocricocentesis at wartime and peacetime.Methods The device used a simulation model to simulate the shape of the human neck,with an internal hard plastic component for circuit board modules and power supply modules,a central plastic component with clear surface markings such as thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage,and an external silicone cover to simulate skin.The simulated training of thyrocricocentesis and the automatic determination of the training effect were achieved by means of a photoelectric switch,and the results were automatically uploaded,recorded,sorted and ranked.Two groups of soldiers with no medical-related experience were selected to undergo thyrocricocentesis training respectively with the device developed and the traditional anatomy wall chart,with 50 ones in each group.Skin positioning on the surface of the cricothyroid membrane was executed with the same body by the two groups.Results The device developed was superior to the traditional wall chart in terms of positioning accuracy and time,with the difference being significant for positioning time(P<0.05)while not obvious for positioning accuracy(P>0.05).Conclusion The device is small,portable and easy to operate,which facilitates the training of thyrocricocentesis and the comprehensive evaluation of the training effect,and is suitable for the personnel with non-medical background in primary units.