基于主题模型的Ubuntu操作系统缺陷报告的分类及分析

Classification and Analysis of Ubuntu Bug Reports Based on Topic Model

软件缺陷(Bug)是造成系统失效的主要原因之一,为了更好地开发软件与修复软件失效,需要对缺陷的分布等特征有更好的理解。Ubuntu是一款得到广泛应用的开源软件,也是Linux操作系统当前在全球最成功的发行版之一。利用缺陷报告来发掘软件缺陷特征,对缺陷进行合理分类并分析操作系统常见缺陷的分布规律及特点,对于基于Ubuntu的国产混源操作系统开发、测试及维护过程中的代码质量分析及提升具有重要参考价值。首先,获取Launchpad上32805份Ubuntu操作系统的缺陷报告。然后,采用主题模型分析Ubuntu上常见的缺陷,并结合操作系统的组成特点将其分为内核相关异常、桌面环境异常、网络相关异常、硬件驱动相关异常以及上层应用及开发环境相关异常。进一步,利用F1值对分类结果进行评估,结果表明缺陷分类具有较好的准确率。最后,通过分析缺陷报告统计结果得到Ubuntu操作系统的近期缺陷的一般分布规律和特点,同时通过缺陷报告的分类结果,得到了有助于进一步认知Ubuntu操作系统缺陷的相关发现和结论。

Software bug is the main cause of system failure.Better understanding of bug characteristics is needed to develop software and repairing failure.Ubuntu is one of the most successful distributions of the Linux operating system and also a popular open-source software platform in the world.Using bug reports to discover software bug characteristics,analyze and classify reasonably common bugs of the operating system,has important guiding value for the bug analysis during the development,testing and maintenance of the domestic mixed source operating system based on Ubuntu.Firstly,32805 bug reports are downloaded from launchpad through crawler.Though analyzing the common bug of Ubuntu by using topic mode,bug are divided into 5 categories:kernel related,desktop environment,network,hardware driver related anomaly and the abnormal system management based on Ubuntu operating system composition and experience.Next,the results of the classification are evaluated through F1 value.Finally,the general distribution rules and characteristics of the recent bugs in the Ubuntu operating system are obtained by analyzing the statistical results of the bug reports.At the same time,through further analysis of the classification results,relevant findings and conclusions that help to further understand the bugs of Ubuntu operating system are obtained.