大都市郊区的非正规住房形态与空间治理逻辑--基于沪郊经验的思考

Informal Housing Forms and the Space Governance Logic in Metropolitan Suburb——Based on the Shanghai Suburbs

本文试图将大都市上海对郊区非正规住房的产生和治理实践放置在郊区城市化的阶段性维度上加以理解,并引入空间生产的理论分析角度,将郊区城市化区分为“分散开发”阶段和“整体发展”阶段。“分散开发”阶段下的空间生产模式存在着土地开发权和空间生产权相对分散的配置现实,基层政府、村集体、农民、“二房东”等主体大量参与了非正规开发和空间生产,并由此形成了规模可观的包括非正规住房在内的“违规空间”。“整体发展”阶段的空间生产模式则代表一种更加集中化、更加资本密集的、更加倚重文化资本和环境品质提升的土地开发和空间生产实践,这种空间生产模式大大降低了基层政府、村集体、农民和“二房东”群体的非正规开发和空间生产能力,并且通过施加对包括非正规住房在内的“违规空间”的规范化治理来实现一种符合城市总体发展理性的空间再生产。

This article attempts to use the phased dimensions of suburban urbanization to understand the generation and governance practices of suburban informal housing in Shanghai.And it divides suburban urbanization into“dispersed development”stage and“holistic development”stage,by the theoretical analysis perspective of spatial production.At the“dispersed development”stage,the spatial production model had the reality that land development rights and spatial production rights were relatively dispersed.Local government,collectivity,farmers,sub-landlord and other entities had participated in informal development and spatial production.This formed a lot of“violation space”including informal housing.At the“holistic development”stage,the spatial production model represents land development and spatial production practices,which are more centralized,more capital-intensive,and more reliant on cultural capital and environmental quality improvement.This spatial production model deeply reduces the informal development and spatial production capacity from local government,collectivity,farmers,sub-landlord.Besides through imposing normalized governance in“violation space”,government can achieve a spatial reproduction that conforms to the overall urban development rationality.