青海密花香薷挥发油化学成分及其抗菌活性研究

Studies on the chemical components and antibacterial activity of volatile oil from elsholtzia densa chinensis in Qinghai Province

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取密花香薷挥发油,利用气相色谱—质谱联用技术,结合相对保留指数对挥发性成分进行分离和鉴定,牛津杯法对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌和大肠埃希杆菌进行体外抑菌活性研究.研究结果表明:通过气相色谱—质谱联用技术对密花香薷挥发油的分析,分离出离子峰101个,共鉴定出42种化合物,占挥发性成分总含量的75.27%,主要挥发性成分有2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)-2-环己基-1-酮,(S)-(21.936%);alpha.-石竹烯(14.822%);[s-(E,E)]-1-甲基-5-亚甲基-8-(1-甲基乙基)-1,6-环癸二烯(13.271%);丁子香烯(6.545%);1,5,5,8-四甲基-12-氧杂双环[9.1.0]十二碳-3,7-二烯(5.966%);十六烷酸(4.135%);(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯-1-醇(4.354%);2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己醇(2.172%);gamma.-榄香烯(2.079%)等,挥发性成分对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌和大肠埃希菌具有抑菌活性.而且,青海密花香薷挥发油中烯类、酮类、醇类成分含量较高,具有广谱抑菌活性.这为密花香薷的进一步开发和利用提供了理论依据.

The volatile oil of Elsholtzia splendens was extracted by steam distillation. The volatile components were separated and identified by GC-MS and relative retention index. The antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicans and Escherichia coli in vitro was studied by Oxford cup method. The results showed that101 ion peaks were isolated by GC-MS,42 compounds were identified,accounting for 75. 27% of the total volatile components. The main volatile components were 2-methyl-5-( 1-meth ylvinyl)-2-cyclohexyl-1-one,( s)-( 21. 936%);alpha.-caryophyllene( 14. 822%);[S-( E,E) ]-1-methyl-5-methylene-8-( 1-methylethyl)-1,6-cyclodecadiene( 13. 271%);eugenone( 6. 545%);1,5,5,8-tetramethyl-12-oxabicyclo [9. 1. 0] dodecarbon-3,7-diene( 5. 966%);hexadecanoic acid( 4. 135%);( Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatriene-1-ol( 4. 354%);2-methyl-5-( 1-methylvinyl)-cyclohexanol( 2. 172%);gamma.-elemene( 2. 079%) and other volatile components have antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. Moreover,the contents of alkenes,ketones and alcohols in the essential oil of Elsholtzia crassifolia are high,and it has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. This provides a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of Elsholtzia densa.