免疫营养改善肿瘤患者预后

Immunonutrition improves the prognosis of patients with cancer

营养支持已不再是肿瘤的辅助治疗手段,而是能够改善患者预后,延长患者寿命的一线治疗方式。许多研究显示营养物质不仅为患者提供必要的能量基础,有些营养制剂更是可以通过调节机体免疫来抑制肿瘤细胞,预防癌症。本文将紧扣"肿瘤免疫"的主题,列举营养治疗成功的实例,如饮食模式、氨基酸、Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸、微量元素、维生素、膳食纤维、益生菌等,着重分析营养物质通过调节机体免疫来影响肿瘤的生长、分化、自噬、凋亡等。"免疫营养"术语的提出,让医生考虑更好地设计和优化膳食免疫调节剂的组合和效能,为新型膳食成分和饮食产生的免疫调节机制的探索提供了新的方向。

At present,nutritional support is no longer an adjuvant treatment for cancer,but a first-line treatment that can improve the prognosis of patients and prolong their lifespan.Many studies believe that nutrients not only provide patients with the essential energy,but some nutritional preparations can inhibit tumor cells and prevent carcinogenesis by regulating immunity.However,the mechanism is not entirely clear.This review closely followed the theme of"tumor immunity"and list some examples of successful nutritional treatments,such as diet patterns,amino acids,omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,trace elements,vitamins,dietary fiber,and probiotics,etc.This review also analyzed that nutrients affect the growth,differentiation,autophagy,apoptosis of tumors by regulating the body’s immunity.The term"immune nutrition"allows us to consider the concept of a dietary immune index for better designing and optimizing the combination and efficacy of dietary immune modulators,and thus to provide a new direction to explore the new dietary components and mechanisms of immune regulation.