个人生活爱好和习惯对社区高龄老年人衰弱程度的影响

Influence of personal life hobbies and habits on frailty of the elderly in community

目的了解城市社区高龄老年人衰弱的现状,分析衰弱程度的影响因素,为采取应对措施提供理论依据。方法采用衰弱综合评估量表(The Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument,The CFAI)对唐山市工人医院、唐山弘慈医院下属的10家社区卫生服务中心辖区社区登记户籍高龄老年人作为研究对象(≥80岁)1725例进行问卷评测。结果城市社区高龄老年人衰弱率为100%,其中2/3者存在重度衰弱。城市社区高龄老年人衰弱程度与年龄、婚姻、运动、生活幸福、积极面对生活有关,且无配偶的高龄老年人的重度衰弱程度高于老伴健在者(OR=1.288);80~84岁年龄段(OR=0.806)、运动(OR=0.330)、生活非常幸福和比较幸福(OR=0.050、0.208)、能够积极面对生活(OR=0.278)的高龄老年人衰弱程度低(均P<0.05)。结论城市社区高龄老年人衰弱程度高,且与个人生活爱好、习惯有关,因此城市社区高龄老年人应该多给予运动康复指导,提高生活幸福度,延缓高龄老年人的衰弱进程。

Objective To understand the current situation of elderly people's frailty in urban communities,analyze the influencing factors of frailty,and provide theoretical basis for taking countermeasures.Methods The Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument was used to evaluate 1,725 elderly people(≥80 years old)with registered residence in the communities of 10 community health service centers under Tangshan Workers Hospital and Tangshan Hongci Hospital.Results The frailty rate of the elderly in urban communities was 100%,and 2/3 of them have severe frailty.The frailty of the elderly in urban communities was related to age,marriage,sports,happiness in life,and positive attitude towards life.The degree of severe frailty of the elderly without spouse was higher than that of the surviving spouse(OR=1.288),The elderly aged 80~84(OR=0.806),sports(OR=0.330),very happy and relatively happy life(OR=0.050,0.208),and able to actively face life(OR=0.278)have low frailty degree(all P<0.05).Conclusion The elderly in urban communities have a high degree of frailty,which was related to their personal hobbies and habits.Therefore,more exercise rehabilitation guidance to improve their happiness and delay their debilitating process should be given to the elderly in urban communities.