民国江西陶务局瓷业改良活动管窥

Glimpse of the Ceramic Industry Reform of Jiangxi Ceramic Bureau during the Republic of China Period

20世纪20年代末,鉴于瓷业领域出现的一系列问题,江西省政府在景德镇设立了江西陶务局以期重振江西瓷业昔日的辉煌。陶务局成立之后,开展了一系列的改革措施,如设立科学实验机构和新式工厂,推广新式瓷业生产技术、培训新型工人;设立金融机构,解决瓷业融资难题;改革旧有窑户组织,取缔行业旧俗,改善瓷业工人待遇等。然而,由于缺乏相应的社会条件支撑,这场轰轰烈烈的瓷业改良活动却终难逃失败的命运。尽管如此,这场由民国江西地方政府主导的第一次瓷业改良活动依旧产生了许多积极的作用,为后世的江西瓷业的振兴奠定了良好的基础。

by the late 1920s,Jiangxi government established the Ceramic Bureau in Jingdezhen-the capital of china to recreate the glory of Jiangxi ceramics industry considering the emergence of ceramics development problems at th at tim e.The bureau carried out a lot of measures including the foundation of new experimentation institutions and factories,the promotion of new technologies,the training of new workers,the establishment of financial institutions to solve the money-raising problems,the reform of the potters’organizations,the prohibition of the outdated customs,the improvement of workers’living and working situation,etc.However,the reform is doomed to failure for the lack of social support.Even so,the reform had lots of positive effects,laying good foundation for the future reform of ceramics industry.