陆岛运输法律及政策的需求与供给

Demand and supply of land and island transport law and policy

中国各地陆岛运输建设分别处于扩大运输阶段、运力结构调整阶段和运输业反哺阶段。根据制度变迁理论,陆岛运输业不同发展阶段对于政策及立法保障提出了差异化需求。目前,国内陆岛运输业制度供给不足是普遍现象,引发了作为准公共产品的交通服务供给不足、陆岛运输行业发展受阻等问题。政府公共管理理念和方式变革下,政府不再是唯一的公共产品供给者,而成为购买者和监督者。针对陆岛运输行业不同发展阶段,适时供给政策和法律,可保障民众路权的实现,引导陆岛运输行业发展,亦是政府作为公共事务管理人的应有职责,否则应该承担供给不能的法律责任。

The construction of land and island transportation in China is at the stage of expanding transportation,adjusting transportation capacity structure and feeding back of transportation industry.According to the theory of institutional change,different development stages of land-island transport industry have different needs for policy and legislative protection.At present,the insufficient supply of land-island transport system is a common phenomenon in China,which leads to the insufficient supply of transport services as quasi-public goods and hinders the development of land-island transport industry.With the change of the concept and mode of government public management,the government is no longer the only supplier of public goods,but also the purchaser and supervisor.In view of the different development stages of the land-island transport industry,timely supply of policies and laws can guarantee the realization of people’s road rights and guide the development of the land-island transport industry,which is also the due responsibility of the government as a public affairs administrator.Otherwise,the government should bear the legal responsibility for the failure of supply.