后处理厂应急行动水平制订方法研究

Research on Development Method of Emergency Action Level for a Spent Fuel Reprocessing Plant

乏燃料后处理厂的安全特征和潜在危险与核电厂相比,具有显著不同的特点。后处理厂应急状态分级以应急行动水平(EAL)为依据,它是判断后处理厂是否应进入应急状态、应进入何种应急状态等级(EC)的依据。世界范围内,核电厂和核燃料循环设施EAL的制定都基本参考美国的技术体系。国内对部分核燃料循环设施进行了EAL的初步制定。研究了后处理厂EAL制订方法,可以为后处理厂制定量化的EAL,从而可以在应急工况下更好地进行应急响应,以有效保护公众和环境。

The safety characteristics and potential hazards of spent fuel reprocessing plants(RPs)are very different from those of nuclear power plants(NPPs).Emergency classification(EC)of RPs should be on the basis of emergency action level(EAL),which is basis for judging whether RPs enters the emergency state and what emergency classification should RPs enter.EAL development of NPPs and nuclear fuel cycle facilities is based on the technical system of the USA.EALs for nuclear fuel cycle facilities have been preliminary developed in China.Development method of EAL for a reprocessing plant was researched,then quantitative EALs for a reprocessing plant could be developed.Thus,emergency response could be carried out better under emergency conditions to effectively protect the public and the environment.