重庆金佛山国家级自然保护区林麝(Moschus berezovskii)种群数量初步调查及地理分布

Moschus berezovskii in Chongqing Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve:Population Size and Geographical Distribution

初步调查和估算重庆金佛山国家级自然保护区林麝(Moschus berezovskii)种群数量和生态地理分布情况,为保护和恢复林麝种群资源提供科学的理论依据。2017年4月19日—6月5日在重庆金佛山国家级自然保护区内,先通过访问调查法了解林麝可能出现的区域,再通过样线法寻找林麝的痕迹(发毛、粪便、足迹等)进行记录和统计。在调查的核心面积284.16 km^2内,约有(95±48)只林麝,主要分布在金佛山北坡海拔1000 m以上的针阔混交林。重庆金佛山国家级自然保护区的生态环境很适合林麝生存,但20世纪90年代前人类的过度捕杀和对保护区的开发导致适合林麝生存的环境逐渐恶化,随着生态恢复,金佛山林麝种群数量正在回升,应该从减少保护区内人类活动和恢复生境2个方面开展保护工作。

The paper aims to estimate the population size of Moschus berezovskii and clarify their geography distribution in Chongqing Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve, and provide a theoretical basis for the protection and restoration of M. berezovskii population resources. From April 19th to June 5th, 2017, we first learned about the possible areas of M. berezovskii through the local interviews, and then found traces of M.berezovskii through the line transect method for recording and statistics. In the survey areas(284.16 km2), there are about(95±48) M. berezovskii, mainly distributed in the mixed forest of needle-leaved trees and broadleaved trees above 1000 m in the northern slope of Jinfo Mountain. The ecological environment of Chongqing Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve is suitable for M. berezovskii. However, due to the excessive catch and kill by human and the development of the nature reserve, the environment for M. berezovskii has gradually deteriorated, and the population of forest musk deer in the Nature Reserve has declined drastically. We should carry out protection work from reducing human activities in the Nature Reserve and recovering habitats of Moschus berezovskii.