观赏羽衣甘蓝引种比较及资源利用初探

Brassica oleracea var. acephala:Introduction Comparison and Resource Utilization

旨在通过大量羽衣甘蓝品种植株特性及开花结实特性比较试验,筛选优秀品种,明确当前羽衣甘蓝的制种途径,为羽衣甘蓝的品种选择及育种工作者有针对性的引种、分离利用提供参考;同时,可对引种后代种子进一步利用,创新资源。以搜集引进的国内外28份不同类型羽衣甘蓝新品种为试材,进行田间综合性状及开花结实特性的比较。当前国内羽衣甘蓝品种和国外品种相比,在综合特性方面已经有了很大提升,部分品种甚至超越国外品种,可进行大面积推广,一定程度上打破了国外垄断的局面,但在部分品种方面还存在差距,应认识到不足。28份材料中,有20份可育、8份不育,其中不育品种中有6份来自国内京研系列品种。表明当前羽衣甘蓝制种途径主要采用自交不亲和途径,国内已率先利用雄性不育途径。研究结果可为羽衣甘蓝品种选择和育种工作者引种提供参考依据。

The aim is to compare the characteristics of a large number of kale varieties and their characteristics of flowering and seed setting, screen out the excellent varieties, clarify the current seed production pathways of kale and provide references for the targeted introduction, separation and utilization of the varieties. At the same time, the seeds of the introduced offspring can be further utilized to innovate resources. A total of 28 kale varieties from home and abroad were collected as samples to compare the field comprehensive traits and flowering and seed setting characteristics. At present, compared with foreign varieties, China’s domestic kale varieties have been greatly improved in terms of comprehensive characteristics, some varieties even surpass foreign varieties and can be widely promoted. Among the 28 materials, 20 are fertile and 8 are infertile, and 6 of the infertile varieties are from domestic Jingyan series. It indicates that the current kale seed production mainly adopts the self-incompatibility pathway, and China has taken the lead in using the male sterile.