最大气泡压力法测表面张力等温线教学实验的试剂选择

Substance Selection in Teaching Experiment of Bubble-Pressure Method for Measuring Surface Tension of Solutions

回顾了国内最大气泡压力法测定溶液表面张力等温线教学实验历年的设计与改进。比较了乙酸、丙酸、正丁酸、2-甲基丁酸、3-甲基丁酸、正戊酸、正己酸、甲醇、丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、乙二醇、1, 2-丙二醇、吐温20、吐温80、十二烷基硫酸钠等17种常用试剂在25℃下的表面张力等温线,及部分试剂在15,20,25,35℃下的表面张力等温线,指出正丁醇、异丙醇、丙醇是较为理想的教学实验备选试剂。

Improvement of teaching experiment of measuring surface tension of solutions by bubble-pressure method in Chinese universities is briefly reviewed. The surface tension isotherm of 17 common organic substances such as ruthenium acetate, propionic acid, butyric acid, 2-methyl butyric acid, 3-methyl butyric acid, valeric acid, hexanoic acid, methanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, tween 20,tween 80, and sodium dodecyl sulfate in aqueous solution at 25 ℃ and some of these substances at 15 ℃, 20 ℃ and 35 ℃ are compared. It was pointed out that 1-butanol, isopropyl alcohol and propyl alcohol might be acceptable substance for teaching experiments.