早期全球化进程中的东亚海域:明万历海外采金事件始末

Some Notes on the Incident of Cavite(1602-1603):A Case Study of the East Asian Sea and Early Globalization

万历三十年,明神宗罔顾大臣力谏,执意派遣使团前往吕宋机易山开采金矿,后因与西班牙人的冲突,无果而终。根据新近发现的中外文史料,海外采金事件的曲折过程和复杂内幕,一方面同士人、宦官间的矛盾冲突密切相关,另一方面还反映了民间商人拓展海外市场的诉求。此外,使团在吕宋遭遇的挫折也折射出朝贡贸易制度与新兴的全球贸易网络早期接触时的微妙关系。

In 1602,the emperor Wanli insisted on sending a diplomatic mission to Cavite in Luzon to investigate about mining gold,ignoring the advice of his ministers.Later,due to the conflicts with the Spanish,the mission failed.According to the newly discovered historical documents in Chinese and foreign languages,the overseas gold mining events were closely related to the conflicts among eunuchs on the one hand,and,on the other,reflected the demands of local merchants to expand the overseas market.Moreover,the diplomatic mission’s setback in Luzon reflected the delicate relationship between the Chinese tribute system and the nascent global trade network in its early contacts.