《[口英]咭唎国译语》的广东通事探源

Investigating the Origins of the Cantonese Translators of Ying-ji-li-guo-yi-yü

《[口英]咭唎国译语》是明清时期“华夷译语”系列辞书中的一部,记录了18世纪广东地区的汉外混合语。本文通过考察其中汉外词语对译的不同表现形式,挖掘出参与翻译工作的广东通事在数量、来源、教育背景、语言能力方面的特征。发现《[口英]咭唎国译语》由多位广东地区的通事协作完成,他们都在澳门接受过正规的学院教育。其中,一部分通事讲“澳门葡语”,另一部分通事讲“广东葡语”。同时,文章对澳门地区“土生葡语”的范畴进行了重新界定,以便更好地了解南方沿海地区的早期语言接触史和社会面貌。

As one of the bilingual vocabularies of the series of Hua-yi-yi-yü(《华夷译语》),Ying-ji-li-guo-yiyü(《[口英]咭唎国译语》)contains a miscellaneous collection of words and phrases of the Chinese Pidgin language used in Canton and Macao in the 18th century.This paper,by examining the different forms of translation of Chinese and foreign words,explores the characteristics of Canton interpreters’linguistic competence in terms of quantitative sources and educational backgrounds,and finds that Ying-ji-li-guo-yi-yüwas written in collaboration with several Cantonese translators who had received formal college education in Macao and spoke Macao Portuguese and Canton Portuguese.At the same time,the paper,redefines the category of Macanese in Macao so as to better understand the history of early language contact and the social situation in the southern coastal areas of China.