基于信息熵理论的汉江流域生态系统服务结构特征及时空演化

Characteristics and spatio-temporal evolution of ecosystem service structure based on information entropy theory in Hanjiang River Basin

生态系统服务结构是影响生态系统服务协调稳定及人类福祉可持续性的重要因素。在分析汉江流域1990—2010年生态系统服务价值时空变化的基础上,构建了生态系统服务熵模型,探讨生态系统服务结构特征及其时空演变规律。结果表明:(1)研究区生态系统服务总价值由1990年的3059.764亿元上升到2010年的3466.84亿元,增加了407.076亿元;空间上表现为东南部及汉江干流周围地区生态系统服务价值较高,而东北部及中南部地区相对较低的分布特征。(2)供给、调节、支持、文化四大生态系统服务具有显著的相关性,且空间异质性差异较大。供给-调节、调节-文化、支持-文化之间的相关系数均超过了0.58。供给服务价值高的区域,支持和文化服务价值相对较低;调节服务受水域和湿地空间分布的影响较大。(3)1990—2010年生态系统服务熵平均值逐渐减小,由1990年的1.87下降到2010年的1.78,且空间上与生态系统服务价值呈显著负相关。虽然该区域生态系统服务总价值增大,但生态系统服务的类型趋于单一,其结构的复杂性及稳定性降低;这一问题应引起人们的高度重视。生态系统服务熵模型可以为流域生态系统服务结构分析提供新思路和方法。研究结果可为区域生态系统服务维护和可持续发展提供决策依据。

Ecosystem service structure is an important factor affecting the coordination and stability of ecosystem service and the sustainability of human wellbeing.In this paper,the spatial and temporal changes in the ecosystem service value(ESV)were analyzed in the Hanjiang River Basin from 1990 to 2010.Then,an ecosystem service entropy model(the ESE model)was established based on information entropy theory,and this model was used to discuss the characteristics of ecosystem service structure and its spatial and temporal evolution law.Our results indicated(1)The total ESV increased from 305.9764 billion yuan in 1990 to 346.684 billion yuan in 2010,increased by 40.7076 billion yuan,and it was higher in the southeastern region of the study area and around the mainstream of the Hanjiang River.(2)The four ecosystem services of provision,regulation,support and culture had significant correlations,and their spatial distributions were quite different.The correlation coefficients of provision-regulation,regulation-culture and support-culture were all over 0.58.The services value of support and culture was relatively low in regions with high service value of provision,and regulating services were greatly affected by the distribution of water and wetlands.(3)From 1990 to 2010,the average value of ecosystem service entropy decreased gradually(from 1.87 in 1990 to 1.78 in 2010),and it was significantly and negatively related to ESV in time and space.Although the total ESV increased in the study area,the types of ecosystem services tended to be simplified,and the complexity and stability of their structures decreased.This problem should arouse attention of relevant departments.The ESE model can provide new ideas and methods for the analysis of ecosystem service structure in basins.The results can provide suggestions for regional ecosystem service maintenance and sustainable development.