不同施氮量对辣椒生长·产量及氮肥利用的影响

Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Growth,Yield and Nitrogen Fertilizer Utilization of Hot Pepper

为解决江阴市辣椒合理施用氮肥问题,研究了在磷、钾肥适宜当地施用水平的情况下,不同施氮量对江阴市辣椒生长、产量、经济效益和氮肥利用的影响。结果表明,施氮范围内随着施氮量增加,辣椒的株高、开展度也随之增加,辣椒单果重等商品性状随着施氮量增加而增优,但超过适宜的肥料阈值效果不明显;辣椒产量随施氮量的提高呈先增后降的趋势,OPT2(N 330 kg/hm^2)处理时,产量和产值达到最高,分别为46495.50和133907.04元/hm^2,经济效益随施氮量的变化与辣椒产量的变化趋势相同;根据辣椒产量(y)和施氮量(x)拟合方程,得出最高产量氮肥用量为368.16 kg/hm^2,施氮在349.75~386.57 kg/hm^2;OPT2(N 330 kg/hm^2)处理的氮肥贡献率(NCR)和氮肥农学利用率(NAE)最大,分别为31.7%、44.6 kg/kg;氮肥偏生产力(NPFP)随施氮量增加而降低。因此,适宜的氮肥用量可显著提高辣椒产量、农艺性状、经济效益和氮肥利用率。综合考虑江阴市辣椒生长、产量、效益等因素,在该试验条件下,江阴市辣椒最佳施氮量为368.16 kg/hm^2,施氮量为349.75~386.57 kg/hm^2。

To study the suitable nitrogen fertilization application levels for pepper in Jiangyin City,the effects of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth,yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied.The results showed that within the range of nitrogen levels used in this experiment,the plant height and plant expansion of pepper were raised with the increase of nitrogen application amount,and the commercial characters of pepper,such as single fruit weight,were optimized with the increase of nitrogen application amount,but this effect was not obvious out of the range of appropriate fertilizer threshold.The yield of pepper was increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application amount.Under OPT2(N 330 kg/hm^2)level,the yield and output value were the highest,which reached to 46495.5 kg/hm^2 and 133907.04 yuan/hm^2,respectively.The change trend of economic benefit was the same as that of pepper yield.According to the fitting equation of pepper yield(y)and nitrogen application amount(x),the appropriate nitrogen application amount for the highest yield of pepper was 368.16 kg/hm^2,and the suitable range of nitrogen application amount was 349.75-386.57 kg/hm^2.The nitrogen contribution rate(NCR)and nitrogen agronomic use efficiency(NAE)for OPT2(N 330 kg/hm^2)level were the highest in each treatment,which reached to 31.7%and 44.6 kg/kg,respectively.The nitrogen partial factor productivity(NPFP)was decreased with the increase of nitrogen application amount.Therefore,appropriate nitrogen application can improve significantly the yield,agronomic characters,economic benefit and nitrogen use efficiency of pepper.Comprehensively,according to the growth,yield and economic benefit of pepper in Jiangyin city,the best suitable nitrogen application amount was 368.16 kg/hm^2,and the range of nitrogen application amount was 349.75-386.57 kg/hm^2 under the condition of this experiment.