2020年初京津冀及周边地区空气污染特征研究

Study on the characteristics of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the surrounding areas at early 2020

以京津冀及周边地区大气污染传输通道城市("2+26"城市)为研究对象,运用探索性空间数据分析、污染特征雷达图等方法对2020年初重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应启动前后"2+26"城市地区的空气质量时空变化特征、空气污染类型及转变进行分析。结果表明:1)一级响应启动前,"2+26"城市地区空气污染表现为持续时间短、发生频率高、污染强度大等特征;一级响应启动后,区域AQI均值显著下降,区域整体空气质量趋于改善;一级响应启动前后区域空气污染均存在空间正相关性。2)不同城市对防控措施响应不同,污染类型不一,一级响应启动后偏粗颗粒物型与偏机动车型变化明显,社会经济活动强度下降对移动源污染减排效果较固定源更为明显。

Taking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding area where the air pollution transmission channel cities("2+26"cities)are located,as research objects.Exploratory spatial data analysis and pollution characteristic radar map were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics,air pollution types and changes of air quality in"2+26"urban areas before and after the first-level response to major public health emergencies in the first quarter of 2020.The results show that:(1)Before the start of the first-level response,the air pollution in the"2+26"cities exhibited the characteristics of short duration,high frequency,and high pollution intensity;after the first-level response was started,the regional average AQI decreased significantly,and the overall regional air quality tended to improve.There was a positive spatial correlation between regional air pollution before and after the first-level response was initiated.(2)Different cities responded differently to epidemic prevention and control measures,and types of pollution were different in different cities.After the first-level response started,the change of coarse particle type and motor vehicle type was obvious.The decrease of social and economic activity intensity has more obvious effect on the emission reduction of mobile source than that of fixed source.