新能源汽车驱动系统速度传感器故障检测与容错控制法

Speed Sensor Fault Detection and Tolerant Control for New Energy Vehicle Drive System

针对新能源汽车驱动系统速度传感器失效问题,提出一种基于改进高阶滑模观测器的车用永磁同步电机驱动系统故障检测与容错控制方法。首先利用改进超螺旋算法对高阶滑模观测器进行优化设计,提高不同干扰类型下系统收敛性与跟踪精度。其次利用新型滑模观测器计算出转速估计值,选取实际转速与估计转速的差值为故障特征量,提出传感器失效检测法,同时利用新型滑模观测器代替失效传感器完成相应功能,从而实现容错控制。最后对新能源汽车恒速驱动与变载驱动的行驶模式进行仿真分析与实验验证。结果表明,在不同行驶工况下,新能源汽车永磁同步电机驱动系统能够准确及时检测出失效故障且容错性能良好。与传统高阶滑模观测器驱动系统相比,所提方法速度跟踪精度更高、容错控制效果更好。

For the failure of speed sensor of the new energy vehicle drive system,this paper proposes a fault detection and tolerant control method for permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system in vehicles based on an improved high-order sliding mode observer.Firstly,the super-spin algorithm is used to optimize the design of high-order sliding mode observer to improve the convergence and speed tracking accuracy under different types of interference.Secondly,the new sliding mode observer is used to calculate the speed observation value,and the difference between the actual speed and the estimated speed is selected as the fault feature quantity,and then the fault detection and tolerant control method are proposed.Finally,the simulation analysis and experimental verification corresponding with the constant-speed driving mode and the variable-load driving mode of vehicles are carried out.The results show that regardless of driving conditions the proposed system can detect the fault accurately and timely,and has good fault-tolerant performance.Compared with the drive system with the traditional high-order sliding mode observer,the proposed method has higher speed tracking accuracy and better fault-tolerant control effect.