济南市春季大气颗粒物重金属的分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Air Particulates in Spring in Jinan

采集了济南市6个不同功能区环境空气中TSP,PM10和PM2.5,对8种重金属元素进行分析检测,结果表明:TSP中,重金属质量浓度由高到低为ρ(Cu)>ρ(Mn)>ρ(Zn)>ρ(Pb)>ρ(As)>ρ(Cd)>ρ(Ni)>ρ(Cr),ρ(Cu)最高(为1091 ng/m3),ρ(Cr)最低(为0.67 ng/m3);PM10中,重金属质量浓度由高到低依次为ρ(Cu)>ρ(Zn)>ρ(Mn)>ρ(Pb)>ρ(Ni)>ρ(As)>ρ(Cd)>ρ(Cr),其中,ρ(Cu)最高(为598 ng/m3),ρ(Cr)最低(为0.37 ng/m3);PM2.5中,重金属浓度由高到低依次为ρ(Cu)>ρ(Zn)>ρ(Mn)>ρ(Pb)>ρ(Ni)>ρ(As)>ρ(Cd)>ρ(Cr),其中,ρ(Cu)最高(为225 ng/m3),ρ(Cr)最低(为0.10 ng/m3)。不同采样点间重金属质量浓度差异较大,住宅区和工业园区相对较高。与国内其他城市相比,大气重金属污染处于中上水平;与国外城市相比,污染程度高于欧美和东亚的发达国家,低于东南亚发展中国家。

The atmospheric particulates(TSP,PM10 and PM2.5)in the ambient air of six different functional areas of Jinan City were collected,heavy metal elements in them were quantitatively detected.The results show that in TSP,ρ(Cu)>ρ(Mn)>ρ(Zn)>ρ(Pb)>ρ(As)>ρ(Cd)>ρ(Ni)>ρ(Cr),ρ(Cu)has the highest concentration(1091 ng/m3),andρ(Cr)has the lowest(0.67 ng/m3);in PM10,ρ(Cu)>ρ(Zn)>ρ(Mn)>ρ(Pb)>ρ(Ni)>ρ(As)>ρ(Cd)>ρ(Cr),ρ(Cu)has the highest mass concentration(598 ng/m3),andρ(Cr)has the lowest(0.67 ng/m3);In PM2.5,ρ(Cu)>ρ(Zn)>ρ(Mn)>ρ(Pb)>ρ(Ni)>ρ(As)>ρ(Cd)>ρ(Cr),ρ(Cu)was the highest(225 ng/m3),andρ(Cr)was the lowest(0.10 ng/m3).The concentrations of heavy metals in the residential areas and industrial parks are relatively high.Compared with other cities in China,Jinan is in the middle and upper level;compared with foreign cities,Jinan is higher than that of developed countries in America and Europe,but lower than that of developing countries in Southeast Asia.