明代武职选簿利用刍议——兼评《明代卫所选簿校注》

How to use the Wuzhi Xuanbu of Weisuo in Ming Dynasty--Comments on Mingdai Weisuo Xuanbu Jiaozhu

武职选簿为《中国明朝档案总汇》所收档案之大宗,乃明史研究重要文献之一。广西师范大学出版社最新出版的《明代卫所选簿校注》(云南卷、贵州卷),为影印类档案文献再整理的重要成果,在选簿整理方面作了有益探索,有助于非历史学科研究者利用该类档案,对该类文献的普及性应用也会有所促进。但是,对于未经点校的选簿原档而言,其本身的常见讹误仍不可忽略,今人利用选簿不可迷信“原文”而不加辨识。同时,从今人利用选簿具体实践来看,还要留意卫所的职役之别、选簿的记载减省、选簿的时间记载习惯、归附人的籍贯“遮蔽”、选簿一簿数见现象等问题。最后,采用“局部履历”研究法、重视选簿的数据化使用可以促进相关选题研究的深入。

As a large number of archives collected in The Collection of Archives of Ming Dynasty in China,the Wuzhi Xuanbu is an important original document for the study of Ming history.Mingdai Weisuo Xuanbu Jiaozhu is recently published by Guangxi Normal University Press,it includes the Wuzhi Xuanbu of Wei suo in Yunnan and Guizhou in Volume 59,60,63 and 64 in The Collection of Archives of Ming Dynasty in China,which includes military history of Ming Dynasty,succession of military posts,selection system of military officials and military families History,social history and Tunpu studies are very important.They are important original documents for the study of Ming history and Tunpu studies.How to use the Wuzhi Xuanbu?We should pay attention to avoid some misunderstanding such as don’t understand the difference between the post and the service,ignore the reduction or omission of records in books,single understanding of time records,misread the native place of the attached person,the one book appears many times but are regarded as different books.Finally,using“partial resume”research method and paying attention to the data use of Wuzhi Xuanbu can promote the research of related topics.