专业组织需要什么样的领导?——领导专业能力增进组织绩效的权变模型

What Kind of Leadership Do Professional Organizations Need?——A Contingency Model of the Leader’s Expert Capability Improving Organizational Performance

随着中国科技体制改革的推进,领导力成为影响科研组织绩效的重要因素。本文以科研院所为代表的专业组织为研究对象,基于领导技能路径和专家型领导力理论,构建了领导专业能力增进专业组织绩效的权变模型。首先,提出领导专业能力从组织内外增进组织绩效的双路径,其中内部路径分为领导专业能力对员工态度和行为、组织管理系统的影响;外部路径指领导专业能力通过信号效应为组织获取有利资源,从而增进组织绩效。其次,引入领导特征、组织特征和环境特征三个层面的权变因素。最后,探讨了专业组织领导问题的未来研究方向。

With the advancement of the reform of China's scientific and technological system,leadership has become an important factor affecting the performance of scientific research organizations.Aimed at professional organizations represented by scientific research institutes,based on the skill approach of leadership study and Amanda Goodall’s theory of expert leadership(TEL),a contingency model of a leader’s expert capability enhancing organizational performance is constructed.It is also discussed that a leader’s expert capability can improve organizational performance from dual paths,including internal and external ones.The internal path is about expert capability affecting employee's attitudes and behaviors as well as the organizational management system and the external one is about expert capability acquiring more advantageous resources from the outside of the organization through the signal effect,so as to improve organizational performance.In addition,contingency factors of three levels are also introduced:leadership characteristics,organizational scale characteristics and industry environment characteristics.Finally,the prospect of the study of leadership problems of professional organizations is discussed.