百合地黄汤的历史沿革研究

Study on the Historical Evolution of Baihe Dihuang Decoction

目的:系统梳理古代文献中有关百合地黄汤的条文,以期了解百合地黄汤的历史沿革和方义演变,为其成药开发提供文献学支持,为经典名方的现代研究提供理论依据。方法:在古籍数据库中以“百合地黄汤”为主题词进行检索,摘录记载了百合地黄汤的方、药、量、制、治、论等信息的古籍条文,筛选符合纳入标准的古籍和条文,提取朝代、书名、作者、举句、剂量、煎服法、方解、证型等关键信息,并进行文献分析,以了解百合地黄汤的组成、药材基原、炮制、剂量、功能主治、煎煮法和注意事项等方面的历史沿革及方义演变情况。结果:最终纳入古籍101本,共计165条。百合地黄汤首见于汉代张仲景《金匮要略方论》,由百合和地黄两味药组成,用于治疗百合病。随后唐代孙思邈在《备急千金要方》中载录了本方,并增加生地黄汁至两升。宋及宋之后,因度量衡制度的改变,百合地黄汤在药物剂量方面出现了较大变化,此外宋代在炮制和服用量上略有变化。明代在地黄炮制上略有变化,明清代文献多为注释、方解,重在阐述百合地黄汤的病因病机。结论:百合地黄汤首见于汉代,历代古籍均有记载,源远流长,但其历代变化不多,以药物剂量方面变化最为显著。

Objective:To review the ancient literatures of Baihe Dihuang Decoction,and learn about the historical development of Baihe Dihuang Decoction and the evolution of its prescription meaning,in order to provid documentary support and theoretical basis for the modern research of Baihe Dihuang Decoction.Methods:Literature in the databases with the subject words“Baihe Dihuang Decoction”was searched.The information extracted was about decoction,medicines,dosage,treatments,preparation and theories,and the items was selected according to the inclusion criteria.Key words was extracted such as dynasty,book title,author,sentence,dosage,decoction method,formula analysis,syndromes,and literature was analyzed to understand the historical evolution and evolution of Fang Yi of composition,original species,drug processing,dosage,functional indication,decoction and ueage,precautions and etc.Results:Finally,101 ancient books were included,with a total of 165 items.Baihe Dihuang Decoction was first appeared in Zhang Zhongjing′s Synopsis of the Golden Chamber in the Han Dynasty.It was consisted of 2 herbs,Bulbus Lilii and Radix Rehmanniae Recens,and were used to treat lily disease.Later,in the Tang Dynasty,SUN Simiao recorded the decoction in the Essential Recipes for Emergent Use Worth A Thousand Gold and increased the dosage of Radix Rehmanniae Recens juice to 2 liters.In Song Dynasty and after Song Dynasty,due to the change of the system of weights and measures,Baihe Dihuang Decoction changed greatly in terms of drug dosage.In addition,in the Song Dynasty,there were slight changes in the drug processing and the dosage.In the Ming Dynasty,there was a slight change in the processing of Radix Rehmanniae Recens.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,there were mostly annotations and explanations in literatures,focusing on the disease cause and mechanism of disease of Baihe Dihuang Decoction.Conclusion:Baihe Dihuang Decoction has existed since Han Dynasty.There were a little changes in Baihe Dihuang Decoction over the years,and the most significant change was in drug dosage.