重金属镉污染对植物氮代谢影响的研究进展

Research progress on the effects of toxic element metal cadmium stress on nitrogen metabolism in plants

随着人类活动的迅速增加以及磷肥的过量施用,导致重金属镉(Cd)进入到农业土壤中,并在土壤中不断积累,进而对植物的生长造成明显的毒害作用。植物的氮代谢是植物生长过程中的关键生理代谢过程,氮代谢的强弱直接影响植物的生长、发育及繁殖。通过在土壤Cd污染背景下植物氮代谢的相关研究进展,从污染背景阐述、植物氮营养的重要性、Cd对植物氮素同化的影响、Cd对植物根瘤与固氮的影响及Cd对植物氮代谢关键酶的影响等方面进行综述,为Cd胁迫下如何维持植物正常生长繁殖提供基础资料。

With the rapid increase of human activities and the excessive application of phosphate fertilizer,cadmium(Cd)has been brought into agricultural soil and accumulated in the soil,thus causing obvious toxic effects on the growth of plants.Nitrogen metabolism of plants is a key physiological metabolic process in the process of plant growth.The strength of nitrogen metabolism directly affects the growth,development and reproduction of plants.Cd stress has important ecological significance for the study of plant nitrogen metabolism.Cd pollution in soil was reviewed in this paper under the background of related research progress of plant nitrogen metabolism,background from the pollution,the importance of plant nitrogen nutrition,Cd influence on plant nitrogen assimilation,Cd of nodules and the effect of nitrogen fixation and Cd on plant nitrogen metabolism key enzymes as well as the impact of a comprehensive revealed that for normal plant growth under Cd stress provide theoretical basis for breeding.