看与被看:莫里森小说中的凝视机制研究

Seeing and Being Seen: Study of Gaze in Morrison’s Novels

美国黑人女作家托妮·莫里森的早期小说是艺术性再现白人凝视导致黑人主体心理创伤的力作。从后现代“凝视”理论出发,结合现代商品消费文化,选取莫里森四部代表作中的凝视场景,考察小说人物的身体和身份在白人凝视的社会机制下沦为被宰制、被阉割的客体过程,指出凝视作为社会控制和种族压迫工具的复杂性,揭示了白人社会主导性意识形态和商品文化对黑人,尤其是对黑人女性施加的持续性伤害。

The early novels by the black female writer Toni Morrison artistically represents the black’s psychological trauma caused by the white gaze.Based on the postmodern theory of“gaze”with modern consumption culture,focused on the typical scenes of gaze in the four novels,the paper explores how the characters’body and identity becomes the repressed and castrated object under the whit gaze,analyzes the complexity of gaze as the tool of social control and racial oppression,and exposes that social dominant ideology and commodity culture cause the persistent injury to black people,especially to the black females.