资优本科生学术志趣发展的类型、成因及效应——基于九所“双一流”建设高校的调查分析

The Development of Excellent Undergraduates’ Academic Aspiration:Types,Influential Factors and Effects

对九所"双一流"建设高校本科生的问卷调查发现:资优本科生的学术志趣发展可分为四种类型,按占比从大到小分别是理想型、正常型、积极型、独立型;与正常型相比,学生学习参与和教师教学既对理想型也对独立型产生显著的正向影响,但对积极型无显著影响,教与学之外其他因素对学术志趣发展的影响较微弱;理想型学术志趣发展对学生通用能力的提升有显著正向影响,但独立型和积极型几乎无显著影响,学生学习参与和教师教学对学生通用能力提升的正向影响更为显著。探索资优本科生培养制度改革应充分关注本科教学功能的多元性、相对性和稳定性,审慎推进。

Investigating undergraduates from nine double world-class universities,it found that their academic aspiration could be divided into such four types as the ideal,the normal,the active and the independent;students’ engagement and teaching have positive effects on both the ideal and the independent students,however there’s no effect on the active students;the ideal type has significant positive effects on their general ability upgrade,however,the active and the independent hardly have statistically positive effects on their general ability upgrade,and students’ engagement and teaching have positive effects on their general ability upgrade.Therefore,it should pay attention to the diversity,relativity and stability of excellent undergraduate education,and promote the reform prudently.