纳米SiO2对玄武岩纤维的表面改性

Surface modification of basalt fiber using nano-SiO2

为提升玄武岩纤维与基体的界面相容性,采用偶联剂KH550改性后的纳米SiO2对玄武岩纤维表面进行粗糙化改性处理。分析了改性前后玄武岩纤维的表面形貌和化学结构,研究了纳米SiO2质量分数对玄武岩纤维力学性能、摩擦因数、吸湿性能的影响。结果表明:经纳米SiO2改性后,玄武岩纤维表面的粗糙度和比表面积增大,摩擦性能和吸湿性能显著增加,在纳米SiO2质量分数为5%时,玄武岩纤维摩擦因数由0.255提升至0.280,透湿率也提高至0.65%;与未改性的玄武岩纤维相比,改性后的玄武岩纤维表面出现了C—H键,且Si—O—Si键对应的振动峰强度变强,提高了纤维表面的极性;改性后玄武岩纤维的拉伸力学性能有一定提高,随着纳米SiO2质量分数的增加,玄武岩纤维的力学性能先上升后下降,当纳米SiO2质量分数为3%时,其拉伸断裂强度最高可达40 cN/tex。

In order to improve the interface compatibility of the basalt fiber with the matrix,coupling agent KH550 was used to modify the nano-SiO2 and the surface of the basalt fiber was modified by the modified nano-SiO2.The surface morphology and chemical structure of basalt fibers before and after modification were analyzed,and the effects of the mass fraction of nano-SiO2 on the mechanical properties,friction coefficient and moisture absorption performance of basalt fibers were studied.The results show that after nano-SiO2 surface treatment,the roughness and specific surface area of the basalt fiber surface is increased,and the friction and moisture absorption performance are increased significantly.When the nano-SiO2 mass fraction is 5%,the basalt fiber friction coefficient is increased from 0.255 to 0.280,and the moisture permeability is increased to 0.65%.Compared with the untreated basalt fiber,C—H bond appeared on the surface of the modified basalt fiber,and the intensity of the vibration peak corresponding to the Si—O—Si bond becomes stronger,increasing the polarity of the fiber surface.The tensile mechanical properties of the modified basalt fiber are also improved to some extent.With the increase of the amount of nano-SiO2,the mechanical properties of the basalt fiber increase at first and then decrease peak,and when the nano-SiO2 mass fraction is at 3%,the tensile fracture strength of basalt fiber reaches up to 40 cN/tex.