当代儿童图画书中的元小说叙事法探究

Research on Metafictional Narrative Method in Picture Books for Contemporary Children

20世纪后半叶以来,儿童图画书的创作风格发生了明显的转向,以各种方式“突破常规”的作品大量涌现,其中非常值得研究的是运用元小说叙事法进行创作的图画书。这类图画书刻意暴露文本的虚构性,质疑虚构与现实之间的关系,给读者带来趣味盎然的阅读感受。本文即以这类图画书为中心,分类解析其中运用元小说叙事法的各种具体情况,提出“虚实层”这一概念,来解释这类书何以能够达成“跨越虚实”的奇妙效果,并指出这种手法背后所折射出的是后现代主义的世界观。同时,中国原创图画书也可以尝试在创作中引入元小说叙事法,以提升图画书的互动性、设计感与阅读趣味。

Since the second half of the 20th century,the writing style of children s picture books has undergone a significant shift,with a large number of works“breaking through the conventions”in various ways.Among them,picture books created by using metafictional narrative method are worth studying.Such picture books deliberately expose the fiction of the text,question the relationship between fiction and reality,and bring readers interesting reading experience.This paper takes this kind of picture book as the center,classifies and analyzes various specific situations of using metafictional narrative method,puts forward the concept of“Imaginary and Real Layers”,and explains why this kind of book can achieve the wonderful effect of“Spanning Imagination and Reality”.The paper points out that behind this approach the post-modernist world view is reflected.At the same time,Chinese original picture books can also try to introduce metafictional narrative method in their writing,so as to improve the interactivity,sense of design and reading interest of picture books.