静电喷雾法制备HMX/F2603复合物及其性能研究

Preparation and Properties of F2603/HMX Composites by Electrostatic Spray Method

为了降低工业级HMX的感度,提高其安全性能,采用静电喷雾法分别制备了亚微米HMX、HMX和F2603的共混样品、HMX与F2603的同轴样品;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其形貌和粒度大小进行了观察;用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对样品的包覆效果进行了分析;用X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)对其晶型进行了判定;用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了其热力学性能;并测试了原料HMX及制备样品的撞击感度。结果表明,制备的HMX颗粒形貌良好,粒度为亚微米级别,表面光滑无棱角;包覆的样品粒径在2μm左右,形貌规则、粒径分布均匀;XRD和FT-IR的结果表明,样品的晶型都已转化为γ-HMX;样品的活化能较原料HMX下降,求得的热分解峰温和自发火温度表明样品的热安定性升高,且同轴样品的热安定性优于共混样品;与原料HMX相比,样品的撞击感度分别下降了7.8%、27.1%和37.0%,降感效果明显。

In order to reduce the sensitivity and improve the safety performance of industrial-grade HMX,submicron HMX,mixing sample of HMX coated with F2603 and coaxial sample of HMX coated with F2603 were prepared by using electrostatic spray method.The morphology and particle size were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The coating effect of samples was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS).The crystal form was determined by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).The thermodynamic properties were studied by differential scanning(DSC).The impact sensitivity of raw HMX and prepared samples were tested.The results show that the prepared HMX has good morphology,the particle size is at submicron level,and the surface is smooth without edges and corners.Meanwhile,the coated sample size is about 2μm with regular shape and uniform particle size distribution.XRD and FT-IR results indicate that the crystal form of the samples has been transformed intoγ-HMX.The activation energy of the samples is lower than that of the raw HMX.The obtained thermal decomposition peak temperature and the self-ignition temperature indicate that the thermal stability of the sample has increased,and the thermal stability of the coaxial sample is better than that of the mixing sample.Compared with the raw HMX,the impact sensitivity of the samples decreases by 7.8%,27.1%and 37.0%,respectively.Therefore,the effect of reducing the impact sensitivity is obvious.