2013-2019年武汉市东湖高新区围产儿出生缺陷监测分析

Monitoring and Analysis of Perinatal Birth Defects in East Lake High Tech Zone, Wuhan, from 2013 to 2019

目的了解2013-2019年武汉市东湖高新区围产儿出生缺陷发生特征和变化趋势,为制定预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法依据《中国出生缺陷监测实施方案》,收集辖区孕满28周至产后7天内的围产儿出生缺陷人群监测数据进行分析。结果 2013-2019年武汉东湖高新区出生缺陷发生率呈现逐渐下降趋势(P<0.05)。缺陷儿母亲常住地以城镇为主(71.90%),文化程度大专以上(60.20%),缺陷儿低体重(16.30%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出生缺陷产后诊断率远大于产前诊断。出生缺陷类型前5位分别是多指/趾(11.73‰)、外耳其他畸形(9.28‰)、并指/趾(4.89‰)、先天性心脏病(3.79‰)和马蹄内翻足(2.20‰)。结论巩固出生缺陷三级预防综合干预体系,降低出生缺陷的发生率,提高出生缺陷儿的生活质量。

OBJECTIVE To understand the characteristics and trends of perinatal birth defects in Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone from 2013 to 2019.METHODS According to the Implementation Plan of China Birth Defects Monitoring,the monitoring data of perinatal birth defects from the 28 th week of pregnancy to the 7 th day of postpartum were collected and analyzed.RESULTS From 2013 to 2019,the incidence of birth defects in Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone showed a gradual downward trend(P<0.05).Among mothers of perinatal with defects,the majority were living in the cities and towns(71.90%),have college education(60.20%)and the proportion of lower weight birth defects was 16.3%,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The rate of postpartum diagnosis of birth defects was much higher than prenatal diagnosis.The top 5 of birth defects were polydactyly(11.73‰),other malformations of external ear(9.28‰),syndactyly/toe(4.89‰),congenital heart disease(3.79‰)and talipes equinovarus(2.20‰).CONCLUSION Consolidate the comprehensive intervention system of three-level prevention of birth defects,reduce the incidence of birth defects,and improve the quality of life.