广州市沙园街社区高血压人群的社区防控与评价

Community Prevention and Evaluation of Hypertension Population in Shayuan Street Community of Guangzhou

目的通过了解广州市沙园街社区居民高血压患病现状和进行健康干预后高血压人群的血压变化情况,分析高血压人群的发展及控制特点,为进一步完善社区人群的高血压防控措施提供依据。方法选取2016年1月—2018年12月在沙园街社区卫生服务中心进行健康体检居民的健康体检数据以及参加2016年、2017年健康教育讲座和健康管理小组的高血压患者健康体检数据进行比较分析。结果2016—2018年沙园街社区居民高血压患病率较高(58.5%~60.0%),正常人群中血压处于正常高值的人群占很大比重,分别为83.6%、86.7%和89.8%,呈逐年上升趋势,且正常高值血压人群较正常血压人群患高血压概率高2倍以上。健康教育干预前后血压有所变化,健康管理小组干预前后血压变化明显,且2017年的总有效率为83.3%,差异有统计学意义(t收缩压=2.869,t舒张压=2.390,均P<0.05)。结论对血压处于正常高值人群高血压的防治也是社区工作的重点。沙园街社区开展的健康教育和健康管理小组干预活动,尤其是高血压自我管理小组活动,对高血压患者的血压控制是有一定效果的。

OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of hypertension in residents of Shayuan Street Community and the changes in blood pressure in hypertensive patients after the health management intervention,so as to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure in the community.METHODS The health checkup data of residents who came to the community for the health checkups from January 2016 to December 2018,and the health checkup data of the hypertensive patients who participated in the2016 and 2017 health education lectures and health management teams were selected for statistical analysis.RESULTS The hypertension prevalence rate of residents in Shayuan Street Community who underwent 3-year physical examination was relatively high(58.5%~60.0%).Among the normal population,the blood pressure in the high normal population accounted for a large proportion(83.6%,86.7%,89.8%,respectively),showing an increasing trend year by year.Moreover,the prevalence rate of the people with high normal blood pressure was more than twice as high as that of the people with normal blood pressure.There were some variations in before and after the health education intervention.There were significant variations in before and after the health group management intervention,and the total effective rate of the curative effect in 2017 was 83.3%.CONCLUSION Prevention and treatment of hypertension in normal high-value populations would be the focus of community work.The health education and the health management team intervention activities carried by the Shayuan Street Community,especially the health management group intervention activities,had a certain effect on blood pressure control in patients with hypertension.