农村地区留守儿童社交焦虑及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Social Anxiety and Its Influencing Factors of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas

目的分析宁夏农村地区留守儿童社交焦虑状况及其影响因素,为改善农村留守儿童的健康状况提供理论依据。方法2019年10月,采用整群随机抽样法选取宁夏农村地区5所小学3~6年级990名学生进行调查,问卷内容主要包括社会生活状况、儿童社会交往焦虑测评量表。结果留守儿童中仅有4.18%的父母会关注留守儿童的心理问题,有36.70%的留守儿童认为父母外出打工是一段痛苦的经历。留守儿童社交焦虑得分高于非留守儿童(t=3.608,P<0.05),生活起居方式不同的留守儿童社交焦虑总得分存在差异(F=4.108,P<0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,性别、年级、有无兄弟姐妹以及父母外出打工是否对学习成绩产生影响是留守儿童社交焦虑水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论农村留守儿童社交焦虑水平要高于非留守儿童,其影响因素复杂;父母应多方面关注留守儿童的社交焦虑状况,改善留守儿童的生活质量。

OBJECTIVE It analyzes the social anxiety and its influencing factors of left-behind children in rural areas of Ningxia,and provides theoretical basis for improving their health status.METHODS In October 2019,990 students from Grade 3 to Grade 6 in 5 primary schools in rural areas of Ningxia were randomly selected to conduct a survey.The questionnaire mainly included social living conditions and children’s social interaction anxiety scale.RESULTS Only 4.18%of left-behind children’s parents pay attention to the psychological problems of left-behind children,and 36.70%of left-behind children felt pain for their parents to go out to work.The score of social anxiety of left-behind children was higher than that of non-left-behind children(t=3.608,P<0.05).The total score of social anxiety of left-behind children with different living styles was different(F=4.108,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,grade,with or without brothers and sisters,and whether parents worked outside the home were the main factors influencing the level of social anxiety in left-behind children,which had an impact on academic performance(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The level of social anxiety of rural left-behind children was higher than that of non-left-behind children.Parents should pay attention to the social anxiety of left-behind children and improve their quality of life.