南北朝佛教判教与般若美学研判

On the Aesthetic Critique of Prajnaand Classification of Buddhist Teachings in the Northern and Southern Dynasties

南北朝的佛教判教运动,对佛教名相和理论进行系统的清理和整合,具有重要的文化、美学革命意义。般若类佛经和其他部类佛经的传译,使般若思想深入流播。在佛教资源较完备输入条件下,论师竞起,流派纷立,均以般若思想为旗帜,注重发掘佛教美学的内涵和特质。同时,僧人、名士有意识结合中国美学的知识、观念,对佛教般若思想进行美学研判。经过这次判教运动,佛教般若范畴与中国美学实现深度铸烁,涅槃思想与心性论、境界论高度契合,有力拓展了中国美学的知识结构和理论视界,为之后中国美学理论的系统建构奠定了充分的思想和认知基础。

The movement of classifying Buddhist teachingsin the Northern and Southern Dynasties had important cultural and aesthetic significance for the systematic sorting and integration of the Buddhist names and theories.The translation of Prajna and other sutras helped spread far and wide Prajna’s thoughts.Given the relatively complete input of Buddhist resources,Buddhists discourse masters competed with each other and various schools arose under the banner of Prajna thoughts,focused on exploring the characteristics and connotation of Buddhistaesthetics.At the same time,monks and eminent scholars consciously combined the knowledge and concept of Chinese aesthetics to make an aesthetic study on Prajnathoughts.After this movement,the deep integration of the Prajna category of Buddhismwith Chinese aesthetics,and the high degree of theoretical unity between Nirvana,the theory of temperament and the theory of realm effectively expanded the knowledge structure and theoretical horizon of Chinese aesthetics and laid a sufficient ideological and cognitive foundation for the systematic construction of Chinese aesthetic theory in the future.