云南省鼠疫疫源地水中金属元素含量分析

Analysis of metal elements in water samples of plague foci in Yunnan Province

目的分析云南省鼠疫疫源地水样中8种金属元素含量。方法2015年12月至2016年11月选取云南玉龙、剑川和梁河鼠疫疫源地作为采样地,按春、夏、秋、冬4个季节,在有鼠类活动的区域采集地表水,应用火焰原子吸收分光光度计测定水样中钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铬(Cr)、铅(Pb)、锰(Mn)、镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)8种金属元素含量,对数据[中位数(四分位数间距)]进行统计分析。结果玉龙、剑川和梁河鼠疫疫源地分别采集26、58、54份水样。3个鼠疫疫源地Pb和Cd元素含量[玉龙:0.19(0.78)、0.08(0.07)mg/L;剑川:0.23(0.56)、0.03(0.06)mg/L;梁河:0.13(0.61)、0.09(0.08)mg/L]高于《地表水环境质量标准》(Pb:0.10 mg/L,Cd:0.01 mg/L)。8种金属元素含量除Ca、Cd两种元素含量在3个疫源地地区间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)外,其余6种金属元素含量地区间比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);玉龙鼠疫疫源地Ca元素含量最高,梁河鼠疫疫源地最低(P均<0.017)。玉龙鼠疫疫源地除Fe元素外,其余7种金属元素含量季节间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);剑川鼠疫疫源地除Cr元素外,其余7种金属元素含量季节间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);梁河鼠疫疫源地除Ca元素外,其余7种金属元素含量季节间比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论3个鼠疫疫源地水中Pb和Cd元素含量较高,玉龙和剑川鼠疫疫源地水中金属元素含量季节变化趋势接近。

Objective To detect and analyze the contents of eight metal elements in water samples of plague foci in Yunnan Province.Methods During the period from December 2015 to November 2016,the plague foci of Yulong,Jianchuan and Lianghe were selected as sampling sites,water samples were collected in areas with rodent activities in the 4 seasons of spring,summer,autumn and winter.The contents of eight metal elements calcium(Ca),iron(Fe),zinc(Zn),chromium(Cr),plumbum(Pb),manganese(Mn),cadmium(Cd)and cuprum(Cu)in water samples were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry(FAAS),and the data[median(interquartile distance)]were statistically analyzed.Results Twenty-six,58 and 54 water samples were collected from Yulong,Jianchuan and Lianghe plague foci,respectively.The contents of metal elements of Pb and Cd in water samples of the three plague foci[Yulong:0.19(0.78)and 0.08(0.07)mg/L;Jianchuan:0.23(0.56)and 0.03(0.06)mg/L;Lianghe:0.13(0.61)and 0.09(0.08)mg/L]were higher than that of"Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water"(Pb:0.10 mg/L,Cd:0.01 mg/L).There were significant differences in the contents of Ca and Cd elements among the three regions(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the contents of the other 6 metal elements among the three regions(P>0.05).The content of Ca element was the highest in Yulong plague foci,and the lowest in Lianghe plague foci(P<0.017).In the Yulong plague foci,there was no statistically significant difference in the content of Fe element in different seasons(P>0.05),and the differences in the contents of the other 7 metal elements were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the content of Cr element in Jianchuan plague foci in different seasons(P>0.05),and the differences in the content of the other 7 metal elements were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the content of Ca element in Lianghe plague foci in different seasons(P>0.05),and the differences in the content of the other 7 metal elements were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The metal element contents of Pb and Cd are relatively abundant in water samples from 3 plague foci of Yunnan Province,and the seasonal variation trend of metal element content in water samples of Yulong and Jianchuan plague foci is similar.