套环引流术治疗小儿体表脓肿的疗效分析

Analysis of curative effect of loop drainage on children with superficial abscess

目的本文旨在介绍一种治疗小儿体表脓肿的新方法——套环引流术,并与传统脓肿切开引流术的疗效进行对比。方法回顾性分析南通大学附属常州市儿童医院2018年1月至2019年3月接受手术治疗的63例单纯体表脓肿患者资料,其中男性38例,女性25例;其中33例采用传统脓肿切开引流术(传统切开引流组),30例采用套环引流术(套环引流组),对两组患者手术时间、术后疼痛评分、愈合时间、复发率、伤口长度及术后换药次数等资料进行统计学分析。结果63例均为单纯体表脓肿,无其它合并症。脓肿位置分布情况:头颈部16例,四肢20例,躯干部18例,臀部9例。套环引流术组手术时间(8±2)min,中位愈合时间12 d,复发率0%(0/30),伤口长度(4±1.5)mm,术后疼痛评分为(3±0.8)分;传统切开引流组手术时间(7±2.5)min,中位愈合时间13 d,复发率9%(3/33),伤口长度(21±4.5)mm,术后疼痛评分为(8±0.6)分。两组术后愈合时间、伤口长度和疼痛程度差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论套环引流术治疗小儿体表脓肿具有伤口美观、术后疼痛轻、操作及术后护理简便等优点,且疗效满意,可一定程度上替代传统的脓肿切开引流手术,值得在小儿外科领域推广应用。

Objective To introduce a new treatment of loop drainage technique for pediatric superficial abscess and compare it with conventional incision and drainage for observing its efficacy.Methods Retrospective analyses were conducted for 63 surgical cases of simple superficial abscess from January 2018 to March 2019.There were 38 boys and 25 girls.Among them,33 cases underwent conventional incision and drainage while another 30 cases had loop drainage.The clinical data of operative duration,postoperative pain score,average healing time,recurrence rate,wound length and postoperative frequency of dressing changes were compared and statistically analyzed.Results All cases were simple superficial abscess without other complications,including head&neck(n=16),extremities(n=20),trunk(n=18)and buttocks(n=9).The operative duration of loop drainage was(8±2)min with an median healing time of 12 days,a recurrence rate of 0%(0/30)and an average wound length of(21±4.5)mm.The median healing time was 12 days.The average wound length(4±1.5)mm,the postoperative pain score is(3±0.8).The operative duration of conventional abscess incision and drainage was(7±2.5)min with an average healing time of 13 days,a recurrence rate of 9%(3/33)and an average wound length of(21±4.5)mm,the postoperative pain score is(8±0.6).The inter-group differences were statistically significant in postoperative healing time,wound length and pain degree.Conclusion For pediatric superficial abscess,loop drainage offers the advantages of minimal&aesthetic wound,milder postoperative pain,simpler handling&postoperative care and satisfactory outcomes.It can replace traditional abscess incision and drainage surgery and is worthy of wider promotion during pediatric surgery.