新疆乌鲁木齐地区马疱疹病毒1型、马动脉炎病毒、马流感病毒感染的血清学调查

Serological investigation of Equine herpesvirus type 1,Equine arteritis virus,and Equine influenza virus infection in Urumuqi of Xinjiang

为了解新疆乌鲁木齐地区马疱疹病毒1型(EHV-1)、马动脉炎病毒(EAV)、马流感病毒(EIV)的感染现状和特点,本研究采集该地区676份马血清样品,分别采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和血凝抑制试验(HI)进行上述病毒的血清抗体的检测,采用统计学方法分析不同地区、年龄、性别及品种马的EHV-1、EAV、EIV的抗体阳性率。结果显示,新疆乌鲁木齐地区马群EHV-1、EAV、EIV及EHV-1+EIV抗体阳性率分别为39.35%(266/676)、0(0/676)、40.53%(274/676)、24.85%(168/676)。其中,南山景区、乌鲁木齐县、达坂城区马群感染EHV-1的抗体阳性率分别为44.44%(72/162)、57.89%(88/152)、66.67%(52/78),显著高于新市区16.00%(32/200)和米东区26.19%(22/84)(p<0.05);米东区、南山景区、乌鲁木齐县、达坂城区马群感染EIV的抗体阳性率分别为58.00%(58/84)、57.00%(57/162)、47.37%(95/152)、41.03%(32/78),显著高于新市区16.00%(32/200)(p<0.05);1岁以内马驹EHV-1、EIV及EHV-1+EIV抗体阳性率最高,分别为50.00%(20/40)、77.50%(31/40)、32.50%(13/40),显著高于其它年龄的马(p<0.05)。10岁以上马EHV-1、EIV及EHV-1+EIV抗体阳性率最低,分别为26.05%(31/119)、33.61%(40/119)、14.29%(17/119);母马感染EHV-1、EIV的抗体阳性率分别为54.21%(58/107)、67.29%(72/107),显著高于公马36.56%(208/569)、35.50%(202/569)(p<0.05);本地品种哈萨克马EHV-1、EIV及EHV-1+EIV抗体阳性率最高,分别为54.95%(200/364)、54.67%(199/364)、35.71%(130/364),显著高于其他品种的马(p<0.05)。除混血马外,其它品种的马均存在不同程度的EIV感染;伊犁马EIV和EHV-1+EIV抗体阳性率最低,均为9.09%(2/22),显著低于其它品种的马(p<0.05);不同地区、年龄、性别及品种的马EHV-1、EIV感染率差异显著(p<0.05)。本研究为该地区这3种马传染病的研究和防控提供数据参考。

To investigate the currentstatus and characteristics of horse’s infection with Equine herpesvirus type 1(EHV-1),Equine arteritis virus(EAV),Equine influenza virus(EIV)in Urumuqi,676 serum samples were collected from some horse farms in Urumqi of Xinjiang.Antibodies against EHV-1,EAV,EIV were detected by ELISA and HI,respectively.Statistical analysis of the antibody-positive rates of the three diseases was based on different regions,ages,genders,and breeds of horses.The results showed that antibody-positive rates of EHV-1,EAV and EIV were 39.35%(266/676),0(0/676)and 40.53%(274/676),respectively.The average positive rate of EHV-1 and EIV co-infection was 24.85%(168/676).Among them,the positive rates of EHV-1 infection in horses in Nanshan,Urumqi county,and Dabancheng were 44.44%(72/162),57.89%(88/152),and 66.67%(52/78),which were significantly higher than the 16.00%(32/200)in Xinshi district and the 26.19%(22/84)in the Midong district;The positive rates of antibodies against EIV in Midong district,Nanshan,Urumqi county and Dabancheng were 58.00%(58/84),57.00%(57/162),47.37%(95/152),and 41.03%(32/78),significantly higher than 16.00%(32/200)in the Xinshi district;The highest antibody positive rates of EHV-1,EIV,as well as EHV-1 and EIV co-infection were found in horses under 1 year old,which were 50.00%(20/40),77.50%(31/40)and 32.50%(13/40),significantly higher than horses of other ages;The positive rates of EHV-1 and EIV antibodies in mares were 54.21%(58/107)and 67.29%(72/107),which were significantly higher than that of stallions 36.56%(208/569)and 35.50%(202/569);Kazakh horses had the highest positive rates of EHV-1,EIV,as well as EHV-1 and EIV co-infection antibodies,54.95%(200/364),54.67%(199/364),and 35.71%(130/364),which were significantly higher than the other breeds of horses;The infection rates of EHV-1 and EIV in different regions,ages,genders and breeds were significantly different(p<0.05).This study provides data for the research and prevention of the three equine infectious diseases in the region..