第一书记、福利刚性与贫困乡村治理之路——基于生态脆弱区的案例调研

First Secretary,Welfare Rigidity and Governance Logic of Poor Villages:A Study Based on Cases in Ecologically Fragile Areas

选取生态脆弱区这一特殊贫困场域,将制度分析与发展(IAD)和现代化治理理论相结合,运用调研数据,对第一书记、福利刚性依赖对贫困村治理逻辑的影响展开分析。结果表明:第一书记与扶贫福利捆绑并介入乡村原有的社会秩序,对贫困村的制度变迁产生激励与约束,诱发贫困村治理新起点;该外源性公共领导力缺失现代化治理能力的核心要件,较大程度上损害了贫困村的自治能力,强化了福利刚性依赖;在后扶贫期,应当运用现代化社保制度化解福利刚性,唤醒村民政治参与意识,培育村民现代化治理能力。最后建议根据贫困村异质的环境变量,构造现代化农村治理网络,赋予公共领导者真正的现代化治理能力。

The paper focused on the multidimensional poverty of the poor villages to analyze the effect of first secretary and welfare rigidity on the governance logic of such villages by combining institutional analysis and development(IAD)with modern governance theories.The results showed that:Both the first secretary and the welfare of poverty alleviation intervened in the villages’original social order,and exerted incentive or re⁃straint effects on institutional changes of the poor villages.This exogenous public leadership lacked the core elements of modern governance,which had greatly impaired the poor villages’self-government capacity and increased their dependence on welfare rigidity.With the fight against poverty reaching its final stage,the mod⁃ern social security should be built to resolve the welfare rigidity in order to awaken the villagers’conscious⁃ness to participate in politics and foster their governance capacity.Meanwhile,the public leaders should be endowed with a true modern governance capability according to the qualitative environmental variables of poor villages.