启蒙视域下的农民形象分析——以抗战时期的乡土小说为例

Analysis of Farmers’Image from the Perspective of Enlightenment--Taking the Local Novels during the Anti-Japanese War as an Example

十四年抗战时期的乡土小说在文学史上占有重要地位,尽管“革命”“救亡”话语压倒一切,但几千年来封建伦理纲常的“吃人”性却没有随着社会革命与民族战争的洗涤而削弱,反而成为滋生农民惰性文化心理的沃土,因而以“启蒙”视角分析农民的性格痼疾依旧意义深远。同“五四”时期鲁迅“改造国民性”为中心的启蒙思想遥相呼应,彰显着不同时代作家为重塑民族文化人格作出的不懈努力。

The local novels during the“fourteen years”Anti-Japanese War occupies an important position in the history of literature.Although the words of“revolution”and“salvation”were overwhelming,the“cannibalism”of feudal ethics for thousands of years did not weaken with the washing up of social revolution and national war.Instead,it became a fertile land for breeding the inert cultural psychology of farmers.Therefore,it is still meaningful to analyze the peasants’character ailments from the perspective of“enlightenment”.It echoes the enlightenment thought of Lu Xun’s“reconstruction of national character”during the“May 4th”period,and demonstrates the unremitting efforts of writers in different eras to reshape the national cultural personality.