规章以下规范性文件附带审查之标准研究述评

Literature Review of the Research on the Standards for Collateral Review of Normative Documents under the Regulations

我国规章以下规范性文件审查制度经历了依职权有限审查阶段和依职权审查与依申请附带审查并行阶段两个阶段的规范沿革。我国学界对该制度的审查标准提出了不同的观点,但以合法性审查为原则是当前理论界和实务界达成的共识。2018年颁布实施的司法解释将规范性文件附带审查标准的不合法要件归纳为超越权限、抵触上位法规定、无依据增加义务或者减损权利、违背法定程序和其他情形。这一规定回应了学界讨论和司法实践中出现的情况。我国的司法审判实践进一步发展了这一审查标准,并提出了新的问题。

The review system of normative documents under the regulations has gone through two stages:the limited review stage according to the authority,the parallel stages of the limited review stage according to the authority and the colateral review upon application.The academic circles in China have put forward different views on the review criteria of this system,but the principle of legality review is the consensus of the theoretical and practical circles at present.The judicial interpretation issued and implemented in 2018 classifies the illegal elements of the review standards attached to normative documents as exceeding the limits of authority,violating the provisions of the upper law,adding obligations or derogation without basis,violating legal procedures and other circumstances.This regulation responds to academic discussion and judicial practice.China’s judicial practice has further developed this review standard and raised some new questions.