藏彝走廊安多藏族“中柱-火塘”原型空间衍化机理研究

Study on the Spatial Evolution Mechanism of the"Center Pillar-Firepit"Archetype in the Anduo Tibetans in the Tibetan-Yi Corridor

原型是建筑本原探究的基础话题之一。本研究在对藏彝走廊氐羌民族文化“同源性”解析的基础上,以藏彝走廊地区安多藏族聚居区建筑为研究对象,分析在自然地理环境、经济技术发展、社会文化三类动态影响因素作用下,这一地区人居文化深层稳定文化因素的作用机制与表现,将之作为社会空间生产的基础和民族聚居空间文化的要素。提出“中柱-火塘”结构是藏彝走廊氐羌民族一切空间生产的内核。“中柱”隐喻氐羌先民最重要的宇宙模式和社会权力,“火塘”寓意血亲家庭结构,在跨越地理空间维度和时间维度过程中不断发生适应于“信仰层累、社会结构、功能与建造技术”等层面的衍化。“中柱-火塘”两者共同建构起了藏彝走廊地区氐羌民族住屋的空间原型图式,使建筑原型研究从形式本原走向空间本原。

Archetype is one of the basic topics of the original exploration of architecture.Based on the analysis of the"homology"of the Di Qiang ethnic culture in the Tibetan-Yi Corridor,this study takes the architecture of the Ando Tibetan settlement in the Tibetan-Yi Corridor area as the research object,and analyzes the three categories of natural geographic environment,economic and technological development,and social culture.Under the influence of dynamic influencing factors,the functioning mechanism and performance of the cultural factors that deeply stabilize the human settlement culture in this area are taken as the basis of social space production and the elements of the ethnic settlement space culture.It is proposed that the"Center Pillar-Firepit"structure is the core of all spatial production of the Diqiang ethnic group in the Tibetan-Yi Corridor.The"Center Pillar"metaphor is the most important cosmological model and social power of the Qiang ancestors.The"Firepit"implies a blood-family structure and continuously adapts to the"belief layer,social structure,and function"across the geographic spatial dimension and the time dimension.And construction technology"."Center Pillar-Firepit"jointly constructed the spatial prototype of the Diqiang ethnic houses in the Tibetan-Yimen Corridor area,which led to the research of architectural prototype from the original form to the original form.