网络虚拟财产原始取得的法律依据与权利归属

The Legal Basis of the Original Acquisition of Network Virtual Property and Ownership of Rights

法律中的财产所意指的并非是价值实体,而是法律主体对支配客体享有的一系列财产权利关系的总和。财产权的获取必须经受财产原始取得模式的检验,即先占取得模式或劳动取得模式,先占取得模式的构成是"无法律禁止性规定+先占行为+生存必要",劳动取得模式的构成是"生产要素资料充足+改良性劳动"。网络虚拟财产的产生过程和功能导向决定了其不适用先占取得模式。根据劳动取得模式,经营者基于经营行为原始取得网络店铺的财产权,付出算力、电力的"挖矿人"原始取得比特币的财产权,网络运营商则基于设计、开发、运营行为原始取得游戏装备、虚拟货币的财产权。

The property in law does not mean the value entity,but the sum of a series of property right relations enjoyed by the legal subject to the dominating object.The acquisition of property must be tested by the original acquisition mode of property,that is,the mode of preemptive acquisition or the mode of labor acquisition.The composition of the mode of pre occupation acquisition is"no legal prohibitive provisions+preemptive behavior+survival necessity",and the composition of labor acquisition mode is"sufficient material of production factors+improved labor".The generation process and function orientation of network virtual property determine that it is not suitable for preemptive acquisition mode.According to the labor acquisition mode,online shop operators obtain the property rights of online stores based on the original operation behavior,and the"miners"who pay calculation and power to obtain the property rights of bitcoin,while the network operators obtain the game equipment based on the original design,development and operation behaviors Property right of virtual currency.