湘西地区高校大学生性行为与避孕知识调查

Investigation on sexual behavior and contraception knowledge in colleges and universities in Western Hunan

目的随着社会经济文化变革,大学生婚前性行为逐渐增加。本研究调查湘西地区高校大学生性行为及对避孕方法的知晓情况,为大学开展性健康教育提供科学依据。方法2019年10月按照学校、年级和班级采用分层整群抽样方法随机抽取吉首大学、吉首大学师范学院和湘西民族职业技术学院1014名在校未婚大学生为研究对象,采用自制问卷进行调查,内容包括一般基本情况、性行为现状和避孕相关知识等。结果大学生性行为发生率为9.0%(91/1014),每次发生性行为时都采取避孕措施的占62.6%(57/91)。男生性行为发生率为21.8%,高于女生的6.9%,χ2=33.412,P<0.001;高年级为19.0%,高于低年级的3.5%,χ2=68.441,P<0.001;专科为16.5%,高于本科的7.8%,χ2=10.730,P=0.001;非医学生为11.0%,高于医学生的4.8%,χ2=10.794,P=0.001;独生子女为14.2%,高于非独生子女的7.3%,χ2=10.973,P=0.001。大学生避孕方法知晓率前3位分别为避孕套(92.4%)、避孕药(88.9%)和安全期避孕(54.6%);获取性与避孕知识的主要途径为网络(71.3%)。大学生避孕失败后愿意寻求帮助的途径前3位分别为正规医院咨询(54.9%)、先和家人商量(42.4%)和私人诊所(2.7%)。学生不知道人流安全时间或回答错误的占57.7%,知道人流安全时间的占42.3%,其中女生人流安全时间认知程度为43.3%,高于男生的35.9%,χ2=15.735,P=0.001。结论不同学生群体性行为发生率存在差异,大学生避孕知识不足,学校应根据不同学生群体特点,提供科学的性与避孕知识,促进大学生生殖健康。

OBJECTIVE With the social,economic and cultural changes,premarital sex among college students has gradually increased.This study investigated the sexual behavior and knowledge of contraceptive methods among college students in western Hunan,and provided a scientific basis for universities to carry out sexual health education.METHODS In October 2019,a total of 1014unmarried college students from Jishou University,Teachers College of Jishou University,and Xiangxi Vocational and Technical College were randomly selected according to the school,grade,and class using a stratified cluster sampling method.The survey was conducted using a self-made questionnaire,including general basic information,current sexual behavior and contraceptive related knowledge.RESULTS The incidence of sexual behavior of college students was 9.0%(91/1014),and 62.6%(57/91)of them took contraceptive measures every time they had sex.The incidence of sexual behavior of male students was 21.8%,higher than that of female students(6.9%),χ2=33.412,P<0.001;The incidence of sexual behavior of senior students was 19.0%,higher than that of junior students(3.5%),χ2=68.441,P<0.001;The incidence of sexual behavior of junior students was 16.5%,higher than that of undergraduate students(7.8%),χ2=10.730,P=0.001;The incidence of non-medical students was 11.0%,higher than that of medical students(4.8%),χ2=10.794,P=0.001;The incidence of only children was 14.2%,higher than that of non only children(7.3%),χ2=10.973,P=0.001.The top 3awareness rates of contraceptive methods among college students were condoms(92.4%),contraceptives(88.9%)and safe-period contraception(54.6%);The main way to acquire knowledge about sex and contraception was the internet(71.3%).The top 3ways that college students are willing to seek help after contraception failure were regular hospital consultation(54.9%),consultation with family members(42.4%),and private clinics(2.7%).57.7%of the students did not know the safe time for the flow of people or answered incorrectly,and 42.3%knew the safe time for the flow of people.Among them,girls had a 43.3%awareness of safe time for the flow of people,which was higher than that of boys(35.9%),χ2=15.735,P=0.001.CONCLUSION Different groups of students have different sexual behaviors,and college students'knowledge of contraception is insufficient,so the school should carry out education on sex and contraception in various ways according to the personality of different groups of students,so as to promote the reproductive health of college students.