妊娠期糖尿病对早期足月新生儿肠道菌群的影响

The potential effects of mother's GDM on gut microbiota in newly born full-term neonates

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)对早期足月新生儿肠道菌群的影响。方法选择同济大学附属第一妇婴保健院2016年6—8月定期产检并分娩的新生儿为研究对象,根据产妇情况将新生儿分为GDM组和非GDM组。采集新生儿生后第1天、第3天粪便,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对所有粪便样本进行检测,了解两组新生儿生后早期肠道菌群分布特点,分析两组菌群的相对丰度及肠道菌群丰度变化与母亲血糖的相关性。结果共纳入50例新生儿,GDM组12例,非GDM组38例。新生儿出生第1天和第3天两组样本Alpha多样性指数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。生后第1天,两组均以变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、寡养单胞菌属、葡萄球菌属、丙酸杆菌属为主。生后第3天,两组以变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、葡萄球菌属、肠球菌属、拟杆菌属为主。生后第1天,两组酸杆菌门、芽单孢菌门、绿弯菌门、固氮弧菌属、柄杆菌属、苔藓杆菌、玫瑰弯菌属、Methylotenera、Terrimonas等相对丰度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);生后第3天,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。生后第1天、第3天酸杆菌门、芽单孢菌门、绿弯菌门、柄杆菌属、红球菌属、苔藓杆菌属、Methylotenera、Terrimonas、Jeotgalicoccus相对丰度变化与孕妇空腹血糖、口服葡萄糖耐量试验中1 h及2 h血糖均无相关性(P>0.05)。结论新生儿胎便中富集细菌,GDM可影响新生儿胎便菌群的分布及相对丰度。新生儿生后肠道菌群处于一个动态变化的过程,GDM对生后肠道菌群无明显影响。

Objective To study the potential effects of mother's gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)on gut microbiota in newly born full-term neonates.Method Parturients who were regularly examined during pregnancy and delivered in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from June to August 2016 were enrolled with their term newborns.Newborns whose mothers with GDM were assigned to GDM group and whose mothers without GDM were assigned to Non-GDM group.Their stool samples were collected on the first and the third day after birth.16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technique was used to examine all stool samples.The distribution characteristics of the gut microbiota were studied and the correlation between the abundance of intestinal flora and blood glucose of their mothers was also analyzed.Result A total of 50 newborns were included,including 12 in GDM group and 38 in Non-GDM group.On the first and the third day after birth,no significant differences existed in Alpha diversity between the two groups(P>0.05).On the first day,the intestinal flora of the two groups were both dominated by phyla of proteobacteria,firmicutes,actinobacteria and bacteroidetes.On the third day,the dominated phyla in the two groups were the same as the first day.On the first day,significant differences existed between the two groups on the relative abundances of acidobacteria,blastomonas,chloroflexi,azovibrio,caulobacter,bryobacter,roseiflexus,methyloteera and terrimonas(P<0.05)and no differences on the third day between the two groups(P>0.05).Correlation analysis indicated no correlations existed between the relative abundances of acidobacteria,blastomonas,chloroflexi,caulobacter,methylotenera,rhodococcus,bryobacter,terrimonas,jeotgalicoccus and fasting plasma glucose,OGTT at postprandial one-hour and two-hour of pregnant women.Conclusion Neonatal meconium has diversified microbial flora.GDM may influence the distribution and relative abundance of neonatal meconium flora right after birth.The intestinal flora of newborns is in a dynamic process,with diminished influences from mother's GDM.