法拉第型磁流体发电机试验和数值仿真

Faraday type MHD generator:Experiment and numerical simulation

针对未来航空航天任务对大功率空间电源的迫切需求,开展了国内首次高温惰性气体法拉第型磁流体发电机试验研究。试验采用电弧加热器作为模拟热源,以氩气作为工质,添加铯作为电离种子以提高工质电导率,成功实现了对法拉第型磁流体发电机的原理性验证,在1T磁场环境的试验条件下取得了最高194 W的发电功率,功率密度为866kW/m^3。根据试验条件对发电过程进行了三维数值模拟,分析结果表明:发电机输出性能受电极压降和工质速度的影响较大,需要在后续研究中改进发电机工艺以降低电极压降,并对加速喷管重新进行设计。

The high power space power system is in urgent demand for the next generation aerospace missions.This paper presents the ground-based experiment of the high temperature inert gas Faraday type MHD generator first conducted in China,with arc heater as the heating source,argon the working gas,and cesium injected to improve the conductivity of the working gas.The faraday type MHD generation is successfully carried out,with the maximum output power reaching 194 W under 1 Tmagnetic field strength and the power density being 866 kW/m^3.Three-dimensional numerical simulation is conducted under the experiment conditions,showing that the MHD generator output character is largely affected by the seed injection effect and working gas velocity.To avoid these problems,the generator processing technology needs to be improved to reduce the voltage drop,and the nozzle needs redesign.