基于介孔二氧化硅的鱼藤酮纳米颗粒的制备及其性能研究

Preparation and properties of rotenone nanoparticle based on mesoporous silica

纳米材料作为农药载体可提高农药稳定性和调控农药释放速率,是提高农药利用率的重要手段。介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子(MSNs)是一种具高比表面积、粒径与孔径可调节和生物相容性良好的纳米载体。鱼藤酮是非内吸性植物源杀虫剂,在环境中易降解。本研究先通过改良的软模板法制备出粒径均一的MSNs,再通过溶剂挥发法将鱼藤酮负载到MSNs中,制备得到载鱼藤酮MSNs (Rot@MSNs),其载药率达31.6%,具有良好的缓释特性,缓释时间可达288 h以上;施药处理3 d后在番茄的上部叶片和下部叶片中均检测到了鱼藤酮,表明纳米载体MSNs提高了鱼藤酮在番茄植株中的内吸和传导能力。该研究对于减少农药使用量、降低环境污染等具有重要意义。

As carriers of pesticides, nanomaterials can improve the stability of pesticides and regulate the release rate of pesticides, so it is an important means to improve the utilization rate of pesticides.Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs) are nanomaterials with adjustable particle size and pore size,high specific surface area and good biocompatibility. Rotenone is an excellent biological pesticide, but may easily degrade in the environment and have poor uptake and translocation properties. In this study,an improved soft-template method was used to prepare MSNs that have uniform particle size, and rotenone was loaded into MSNs(Rot@MSNs) by solvent evaporation method. The prepared Rot@MSNs was proved to possess a considerable loading rate of rotenone(31.6%), and the sustainedrelease time of Rot@MSNs was more than 288 hours. 3 days after the application, rotenone was detected in both the upper and lower leaves of treated tomato leaves. In summary, the MSNs can improve the uptake and translocation properties of rotenone in tomato plants, and this study have great significance for reducing the use of pesticides, mitigating environmental pollution and ensuring food safety.