基于RFID技术的双供应链投资决策研究

Research on Decision-making of Two Supply Chains with RFID Technology

本文考虑零售商主导的分别由一个供应商和一个零售商组成的两条竞争型供应链中,当两个供应商都未投资RFID技术、只有一个供应商投资RFID技术以及两个供应商同时投资RFID技术时,考虑供应商成本结构的差异,对比分析供应链的投资决策。由于模型解析解过于复杂,本文通过算例分析,着重考虑产品的替代率、RFID标签价格以及库存可获得率三个因素对供应链成员利润的影响。结果表明两条供应链对RFID技术的投资决策会因成本结构和产品替代率的不同而发生变化,其中在两个供应商生产成本差异较大且产品竞争强度较低时,生产成本较高的供应商更愿意投资RFID技术,而生产成本较低的供应商不愿意投资RFID技术,两个零售商则希望使用RFID技术,所以此时仅会有一条供应链上的成员达成一致,决定投资使用RFID技术。

Two supply chains which are led by retailers consisting of one supplier and one retailer are considered in this paper.The study is divided into three situations:two suppliers have not invested in RFID technology,only one supplier invests in RFID technology and two suppliers simultaneously invest in RFID,respectively.The differences in supplier cost structure and compares are considered and investment decisions in the supply chain are analyzed.Because the analytical solution of the model is too complicated,this paper focuses on the impact of the product replacement rate,RFID tag price and inventory availability on the profit of supply chain members through numerical analysis.The results show that the investment decisions of RFID technology in the two supply chains will change due to the difference in cost structure and product replacement rate.When the production cost difference between the two suppliers is obvious and the product competition intensity is relatively flat,the supplier with higher production cost is more willing to invest in RFID technology,while the supplier with lower production cost is reluctant to invest,and two retailers want to use RFID technology,so there will only be one supply chain that decides to invest in RFID technology.If only one supply chain invests in RFID technology,the impact of RFID tag cost on supplier revenue changes due to the cost of the supplier.When the supplier’s production cost is high,his revenue decreases with the tag cost.When the supplier’s production cost is low,his revenue increases with the tag cost.When the supplier’s production cost is in the middle,the revenue rises and then decreases with the tag cost.The impact of inventory availability on supplier profit is similar to the cost of RFID tags.