生态文明视域下中国区域人类发展空间差异与演变趋势

Study on the spatial differentiation and evolution trend of human development in China from the perspective of ecological civilization

1990年联合国开发计划署基于多维视角提出人类发展指数来综合评判地区发展水平和社会进步,但该指标体系并未涉及生态环境方面的考量,因而在衡量人类发展方面存在局限性。本文利用生态投入指数从资源消耗和污染排放维度修正人类发展指数,构建生态敏感的中国区域人类发展指数。结合Geoda和ArcGis软件,运用空间探索技术对中国区域人类发展的空间相关性进行测度,在此基础上利用空间标准差椭圆探讨中国区域人类发展的空间演变趋势。研究表明,中国区域人类发展水平在空间上呈集聚分布;区域人类发展的空间分布格局存在一定的空间锁定和路径依赖性;在方向上具有明显的空间分异性,整体呈现非均衡空间分布特征。

In 1990,the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP)proposed Human Development Index(HDI)based on a multidimensional perspective to comprehensively assess regional development levels and social progress.However,the indicator system does not address ecological considerations and therefore has limitations in measuring human development.The Ecological Input Index(EII)was used to modify the Human Development Index(HDI)from the dimension of resource consumption and pollution emissions.On this basis,it builds an Ecologically-sensitive China Regional Human Development Index(ECHDI).Combining Geoda and Arcgis software,using Spatial Exploration Technology(ESDA)to measure the spatial correlation of human development in China.Based on the Standard Deviational Ellipse(SDE),the spatial evolution trend of human development in China is discussed from the perspective of spatial distribution center,direction and range.The study shows that the spatial correlation and difference of human development in China coexist,and they are concentrated in space.There is a certain spatial locking and path dependence in the spatial distribution pattern of regional human development.