大肠癌筛查认知状况与文化水平相关性分析

Cognitive status of colorectal cancer screening and its correlation with educational level

目的目前中国大肠癌发病率和死亡率逐年上升,但是大肠癌筛查参与率仍较低,这与居民的知识和信念有关。本研究探讨大肠癌筛查知识水平、态度及筛查行为与文化水平的关系。方法采用横断面调查的研究方法,自行设计问卷,2018-09-01-2019-04-30对深圳市南山区4个街道390名居民(40~70岁)进行大肠癌筛查知识、态度和行为的调查。分析不同学历人群大肠癌筛查有关知识、态度和行为。结果筛查人群中,初中及以下文化水平92名,高中水平140名,大专73名,本科及以上85名。大肠癌预防知识(F=3.49,P=0.02)、大肠癌筛查知识(F=10.31,P<0.01)和大肠癌危险因素知识(F=10.85,P<0.01)在各文化水平间差异有统计学意义,其中初中及以下文化水平人群各项知识得分最低。大肠癌筛查态度得分中,易感性(F=7.85,P<0.01)、筛查益处(F=6.38,P<0.01)和筛查障碍(F=2.99,P=0.03)得分在各文化水平间差异有统计学意义,其中初中及以下文化水平人群各项知识得分最低。多因素分析结果显示,与初中及以下文化水平相比,高中(t=2.09,P=0.04)、大专(t=3.00,P<0.01)和本科及以上(t=2.48,P=0.01)文化水平居民的大肠癌筛查知识得分均较高。大肠癌筛查态度大专文化水平居民得分高于初中及以下文化水平居民(t=3.46,P<0.01)。结论低文化水平人群的大肠癌筛查知识水平较低,文化水平较低居民对大肠癌筛查态度不积极。建议开展有针对性的健康教育活动。

OBJECTIVE The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China are increasing year by year,but the participation rate of colorectal cancer screening is still low,which is related to residents’knowledge and beliefs.The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between knowledge level,attitude and behavior of colorectal cancer screening and cultural level.METHODS The questionnaire was designed by cross-sectional survey.From September 1,2018 to April 30,2019,390 residents(40-70 years old)in 4 streets of Nanshan District of Shenzhen were investigated on their knowledge,attitude and behavior of colorectal cancer screening.The knowledge,attitude and behavior about colorectal cancer screening among people with different educational background were analyzed.RESULTS Among the screening population,92 had junior high school education level and below,140 had senior high school level,73 had junior college degree,and 85 had bachelor degree or above.The knowledge of colorectal cancer prevention(F=3.49,P=0.02),colorectal cancer screening knowledge(F=10.31,P<0.01)and colorectal cancer risk factors knowledge(F=10.85,P=0.01)were significantly different among different education levels,and the knowledge scores of junior high school and below were the lowest.In the attitude scores of colorectal cancer screening,the scores of susceptibility(F=7.85,P<0.01),screening benefits(F=6.38,P<0.01)and screening barriers(F=2.99,P=0.03)were significantly different among different education levels,and the knowledge scores of people with junior high school education and below were the lowest.The results of multivariate analysis showed that,compared with junior high school education level and below,senior high school(t=2.09,P=0.04),junior college(t=3.00,P<0.01),undergraduate and above(t=2.48,P=0.01)had higher scores in colorectal cancer screening knowledge.The score of colorectal cancer screening attitude of residents with college education level was higher than that of residents with junior high school education level or below(t=3.46,P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS The knowledge level of colorectal cancer screening in low education level population is low,and the attitude of residents with low education level to colorectal cancer screening is not positive.It is suggested to carry out targeted health education activities.