21世纪日本幼儿教育振兴改革探析——培养孩子成才的“生存力”

An Analysis of the Revitalization Reform of Japanese Early Childhood Education——Cultivating Children's"Survivability"

日本政府历来重视幼儿教育发展。21世纪,在“全球化”竞争逐年加剧、“少子化”危机日益严峻的社会环境下,日本兴起“生存力”教育。随着“生存力”教育影响的深入渗透,日本政府认识到仅关注与提升幼儿教育福祉不再能满足各方面需求,因此,开展幼儿教育振兴改革。日本政府通过在幼儿教育内外部两个领域采取一系列改革措施,及建立振兴改革相关政策制定、实施与修订的保障机制,以达成振兴改革培养孩子成才的“生存力”这一目标。可以看出,振兴改革在人才培养环境中体现全面整体的融合系统、在人才培养路径中体现内部一体与外部贯通、在人才培养本质中体现内涵明确与条理清晰的根本逻辑。振兴改革使日本幼儿教育真正融入本国的人才培养体系,使孩子的幼儿教育成为其成才的起步与关键。

The Japanese government has always attached great importance to the development of early childhood education.Entering 21st century,under the background of intensified international competition and increasingly severe crisis of"fewer children"in Japan,Japan's emergence of"survivability"education.With the in-depth penetration of the influence of"survivability"education,its understanding only focuses on and improves the well-being of early childhood education,which no longer meets all needs.Therefore,it has carried out the revitalization reform of early childhood education.The Japanese government has adopted a series of reform measures in both internal and external areas of early childhood education,and established a guarantee mechanism for the formulation,implementation and revision of policies related to the revitalization of reforms,in order to achieve the goal of revitalizing reforms and cultivating children's"survivability".It can be seen that the revitalization reform reflects the overall integration system in the talent training environment,reflects the internal integration and external connection in the talent training path,and reflects the fundamental logic of clear connotation and clear organization in the essence of talent training.The revitalization and reforms enable Japanese early childhood education to truly integrate into the country's talent training system,and make children's early childhood education the starting point and key to their success.