菌类凝集素免疫调节作用的研究进展

Research progress on fungus lectin of immune modulation

凝集素是一类与糖特异性结合、具有凝集细胞作用的蛋白质或糖蛋白。凝集素是菌类的重要活性成分,菌类凝集素可以激活免疫细胞、调节免疫系统,参与了菌类分化成熟与识别异源物质等多种生理过程,与菌类的抗菌作用密切相关。菌类凝集素免疫调节蛋白结构上具有与免疫球蛋白重链可变区的相似性,功能上又具有抑制过敏反应、刺激淋巴细胞增殖、促进淋巴细胞产生细胞因子、增强机体的免疫力等作用。本文介绍了菌类凝集素对免疫细胞的激活作用与免疫系统的调节作用,总结了菌类凝集素对免疫细胞表面受体的作用,以及与MAPK信号转导途径的作用,并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望,为进一步开展菌类凝集素活性的研究及应用开发提供参考。

Lectin is a kind of protein or glycoprotein that binds specifically with sugar and has the function of agglutinating cells. Lectin is an important active component of fungus. Fungus lectin can activate immune cells, regulate the immune system, and participate in various physiological processes such as fungus differentiation and maturation and identification of heterologous substances. It is closely related to the antibacterial effect of fungi. The lectin immunomodulatory protein is structurally similar to the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain, and has the functions of inhibiting allergic reactions, stimulating the proliferation of lymphocytes, promoting lymphocytes to produce cytokines, and enhancing the body’s immunity. This article introduced the activation effect of fungal lectins on immune cells and the regulation of the immune system, summarized the effects of mycelial lectin on immune cell surface receptors and MAPK signal transduction pathway, and prospected development trend in the future, so as to provide reference for further research and application development of fungal lectin activity.